Journal Articles

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Influence of Technical Support on ICT Integration in Classroom Practices in Public Primary Schools in Bungoma County, Kenya
(International Journal of Science and Research, 2019-10-16) Simiyu, C. Pius; Mutsotso, Stanley N.; Masibo, Edwin
Quality education requires efficient systems that would provide a supportive learning environment. Globally, education is experiencing paradigm shifts in instructional practices putting a lot of emphasis on the use of Information Communication Technology (ICTs) in classroom practices. Despite the usefulness of these technologies, their integration in classroom practices is slow owing to existence of some challenges. The study reported in this paper sought to ascertain the influence of the integration of ICT pedagogical skills on classroom practices in public primary schools in Bungoma County, Kenya. The objective was to examine instructional and technical support available for ICT integration in classroom instruction. This study was based on the Roger’s theory of diffusion of innovations. The population of the study was drawn from public primary school teachers and Sub-County Quality, Assessment and Standards Officers (SCQASOs) in Bungoma County. Descriptive survey design was adopted and using simple random sampling technique, a sample of 343 was involved comprising of 40 head teachers, 300 teachers and 3 SCQASOs. Data was collected using questionnaires, interviews and observation schedules instruments which were validated by the help of research specialists and their reliability established using the Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. Data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics involving computation of frequencies and percentages. The findings from the study established that teachers trained have only basic application skills for personal use of the internet and communication but not for classroom instruction. Further, most schools generally lack the necessary infrastructure and technical support for ICT integration classroom practices. Therefore, there is need for teamwork efforts to overcome the challenges to classroom ICT integration. The results are envisaged to contribute to the realization of the need for formulation of suitable policies to enhance acquisition of the necessary ICT infrastructure to facilitate the uptake and use of ICTs in classroom instruction.
Kibabii University use of Television in Promoting Teaching and Learning in Schools
(British International Journal of Education and Social Sciences, 2019-05-16) Munene, Titus Sifuna; Mutsotso, Stanley N.
Television is an audio-visual tool which can be harnessed by educators to be used in education. Invention of television from 1843 was quite a milestone improvement on both the hardware and software to the current gadget we have in both household and educational institutions. The recent innovations in television have given rise to the interactive smart board technology which can be manipulated by the classroom teacher to create and share the content with the learners. This paper focuses on the forms of television used in teaching and learning and how it has promoted education in the Kenyan education. The theory underpinning use of television as an audio-visual tool in education is sensory stimulation theory which has its basic premise that effective learning occurs when the senses are stimulated. Television plays a very significant role in training students for citizenship, fostering the sense of understanding, environmental awareness and inculcation of socio-political and cultural values. The future of use of television in teaching and learning in Kenya depends on the ability of the teacher to create the programs that the learners can undertake to bring about the process of acquiring knowledge, skills and attitudes. In the same vein, television programs like education channel, cartoons, puppets and other graphics will be connected to internet and distributed widely for utilization in teaching and learning. Many schools have embraced the technology. The future of television in schools will depend on whether there is sufficient security to safeguard the gadgets, storage of these gadgets, sources of electric power, supply of internet facilities, roads to supply these gadgets in different schools and preparation of teachers as a resource person. Despite this there are challenges such as resistance from parents who only view television as an entertainment for watching football, news, cinemas and other programs of interests to them. Another significant challenge is lack of confidence and if any, very little in using television in their work as teachers, they therefore try to avoid them, the gadgets are constantly evolving from simple ones like great walls to complex ones like the big screens with large hunch backs, to plasma screens. Some teachers and other stake holders find the current television very expensive and they are owned by a few affluent householders. The paper concludes that, the children should be encouraged to view television as an audio-visual devise that can boost their learning experience.
Effect of General Computer Use on Secondary School Students’ Performance in Biology
(Greener Journal of Computer Sciences, 2013-04-16) Kevogo, Nebert; Toili, William; Mutsotso, Stanley N.
Although knowledge of biology is important for the survival of humans, performance in the subject, both in pre-Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (pre-KCSE) assessment and national examinations in Vihiga county has always been below average. Several interventions have been put in place to rectify the situation but in vain. However, the effect of the general computer use has not been investigated. This study investigated the effect of the general computer use on secondary school students’ performance in biology. This study used descriptive survey research design. The target population was secondary school biology students of Vihiga county. Data collection was by use of questionnaires, interviews, and document analysis schedule. Sampling was by multistage sampling, purposive sampling, stratified sampling, proportionate sampling and simple random sampling. Sample size was 1003 students. The collected data was analysed using descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages and means and inferential statistics such as Pearson’s r, using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The significance level of the difference between the data was done at the alpha value of 0.05. This study found that there is no relationship between the general computer use and performance in biology.
Gender Inequalities in Early Childhood Development Education Teaching Profession in Kenya
(Educational Research, 2011-12-16) Mukuna, Truphena E.; Mutsotso, Stanley N
Gender imbalance in the pre-school teaching profession and feminization of the profession has been a common practice world over. In Kenya, there is an emergent trend of men training as professionals in Early Childhood Development Education but they are underrepresented. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors influencing the gender imbalance in preschool teaching workforce using a case study. The research sample comprised of 108 pre-school in-service teachers in teacher training institutions in Narok Municipality. Stratified followed by random sampling techniques were employed. The research methodology was qualitative .Focus Group Discussions followed by Key Informant Interviews were used to generate data. This study revealed that culture is the main determinant of feminization of pre-school teaching profession. Men were getting interested in pre-school education but to perform administrative duties not necessarily to teach. Additionally, male parents reported that they were uncomfortable in involving themselves in pre-schools.
Relationship between capacity building and employee productivity on performance of commercial banks in Kenya
(African Journal of History and Culture, 2010-10-16) Wanyama, Kadian Wanyonyi; Mutsotso, Stanley Ngome
This paper is based on a research project carried out on commercial banks in Kakamega Central District, Kenya focusing on the influence of employee productivity on organizational performance which investigated the impact of capacity building and employee productivity in commercial banks since this leads to increase in performance as empirical research has proved. Kenya has experienced banking problems since independence in 1964 culminating in major Bank failures (37 failed banks as at 1998). Some of these problems like weak supervision and equipping employees with expertise, necessary skills and knowledge can be addressed through employee productivity to improve performance of the banks. Banks in Kenya and Kakamega in particular have experienced poor service delivery, organizational ineffectiveness, poor public relations, customer dissatisfactions, and some of these banking institutions have posted a decline in profitability. Research focusing on the firm-level impact of human resource management practices such as employee productivity, satisfaction and motivation has become popular in recent years. This has revitalized interest in the subject of employee productivity and its impact on the performance of organizations. Most studies tend to indicate that employee competence has a positive effect on the organizational performance. Therefore the findings from the study added value to the expanding scope of existing research studies on the influence of employee productivity on the organizational performance. This paper also provides vital information to organizational managers in the banking sector and academicians to encourage employee motivation, satisfaction and future research.
Probing the interaction effects of metal ions in MnxFe(3 x)O4 on arsenite oxidation and adsorption
(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2019-12-27) Ouma, Linda; Ofomaja, Augustine
Wastewater treatment is still a global concern and materials capable of pollutant sequestration continue to be improved in a bid to ensure water reusability and curb water shortages. Some of the most promising materials so far are nanosized materials because of their unique properties and the ease of manipulation to improve their properties. In this work we investigated the effects of varying Fe3+ : Fe2+ ratios in magnetite nanoparticles and the influence of manganese doping. Diffraction measurements indicated that the manganese introduced into the magnetite matrix displaced some Fe atoms resulting in the formation of a uniform phase matching the card data for magnetite with no additional manganese phases being formed. XPS confirmed the presence of manganese on the surface of the doped nanomaterials and that both As(III) and As(V) were bound on the adsorbent surface. The central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) was used to determine the effects the nanoparticle compositions had on As(III) adsorption and oxidation. A quadratic equation was used to model the experimental data with a correlation coefficient close to unity indicating that the model was a good fit for the data. The interaction between Fe3+ and Mn had a positive influence in the reduction of As(III) in solution while Fe3+/Fe2+ interactions had antagonistic effects and the Fe2+/Mn interactions were found to be insignificant. Increasing the amounts of Fe3+ and manganese therefore resulted in the highest reduction in As(III) concentration.
Optimization studies of BTX removal by magnetite coated oleic acid obtained from microwave‑assisted synthesis using response surface methodology
(Scientific Reports, 2022-12-13) Masuku, Makhosazana; Ouma, Linda; Sanni, Saheed; Pholosi, Agnes
Benzene, toluene and xylene (BTX) are volatile organic compounds released into the environment, that require urgent removal to avoid adverse health effects. In this work, the modelling and optimization of the preparation factors for magnetite coated oleic acid (MNP-OA) composite from microwave synthesis using response surface methodology were conducted to maximize BTX removal, and iron content. The influence of five crucial preparation variables: the Fe3+/Fe2+ solution volumes, microwave power, volume of ammonia water (VAW), reaction time and volume of oleic acid (VOA) on the iron content (% Fe), and BTX adsorption capacity were investigated. The analysis of variance results revealed that VOA and VAW were the most influential factors for high % Fe content, and improved BTX removal. The % Fe, and BTX adsorption capacity for MNP-OA composite at optimized experimental conditions were estimated to be 85.57%, 90.02 mg/g (benzene), 90.07 mg/g (toluene), and 96.31 mg/g (xylene).
Boards Of Management Involvement In Teacher Motivation And Academic Achievement In Primary Schools In Trans-Nzoia County In Kenya
(International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 2022-02-10) Lukova, Newton; Manasi, Echaune; Kati, Robert O.
School boards of management in Trans-Nzoia County are committed to ensuring good academic standards among the learners in schools. Despite their efforts, the extent of their involvement in ensuring quality education in primary schools raises some concerns. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of school boards involvement in teacher motivation on public school academic achievement. The study adopted correlational research design. The target population was all the 375 boards chairpersons, 375 headteachers, 4753 teachers and 4500 school board members totaling to 10003 respondents from the 375 public primary schools within the County. Stratified sampling and simple random sampling were used subsequently to sample 37 schools from the 375 primary schools to partake in the study. Purposive sampling technique was used to select a sample size of 37 chairpersons, 37 headteachers, while simple random sampling technique was used to select 129 teachers and 133 board members respectively for either of the categories from the sample schools. A total sample size of 336 respondents took part in the study. Data was collected using questionnaires, interview schedules, document analysis and checklists. Descriptive statistics namely; frequency, mean, percentages and standard deviation were used together with inferential statistics namely; Pearson product correlation, Linear regression, t-test and ANOVA in data analysis. Quantitative data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) while Qualitative data was analysed thematically. Findings were reported using tables, figures, charts and thematic reporting. Validity of the research instruments was tested by expert judgement through assessing the analyzed results of the pilot study. Reliability of the instruments was tested through conducting a pilot study which yielded a coefficient of 0.81.The study established that school boards involvement in teacher motivation had a statistically significant positive influence on the academic achievement in Trans-Nzoia County
Extent Of Usage of Collected Student Data in Career Choice in Kenya
(Iconic Research and Engineering Journals, 2021-12-10) Masika, Robert; Rono, Richard; Kati, Robert O.
This study investigated the extent to which student data collected in secondary schools in Kenya is used in career choice. After admission in form one, a student undertakes a four-year study program and at the tail end selects a career to pursue later. During the admission process and throughout their stay in the school, a lot of student data is usually collected and stored either in the school database, in students’ files kept by various departments and/or in the online platforms e.g., National Educational Management Information System (NEMIS) etc. However, it is possible to collect data and fail to use it to guide decision making and this can result in wastage of a precious asset of these institutions. The population of the study ere career masters/mistresses and deputy principals in charge of academics. Stratified random sampling was used to select 50 secondary schools and a sample of 60 participants. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics using frequency tables. The study findings revealed that schools do keep data on family background, career aspiration and academic data but leave out data on student personality and job opportunities which are key drivers of career choice. The most common data in secondary schools is academic data (65%) which is majorly used to guide learner progress (77.5%). This data is mainly collected during continuous assessment (57.5%) and is kept under the custody of the director of studies (52.5%). Though majority of the respondents (85%) believed that data collected has an effect on the student career choice, it was noted that the available student data isn’t used directly to guide career choice. This is because most of the collected data is stored in offline storage systems which limit access. However, majority respondents (95%) believe that data collected can help improve student career choice. The fact that inadequate data is collected and it isn’t accessed easily then it follows that the decisions made in the school aren’t based on fact. The study therefore concluded that there is low usage of student data in career choice. The study recommends that secondary schools should ensure that comprehensive student data is collected and stored in portable formats to increase access and usage. This data should form the basis for career choice by the students. This finding will help to enhance student data collection in schools which in turn will improve the career decision making leading to appropriate career choices.
Teachers’ Perceptions on Adequacy and Utilization of Physical Resources in Public and Private Primary Schools in Lurambi Sub-County, Kenya
(Iconic Research and Engineering Journals, 2021-12-10) Khamala, D. Wafula; Maiyo, Julius K.; Kati, Robert O.
Availability, adequacy and effective utilization of educational resources are crucial in facilitating an effective teaching/ learning process for academic achievement. This comparative study investigated the effect of school resources on academic achievement of public and private primary schools in Lurambi sub-county, Kenya. Based on the study, this paper presents and discusses the findings on teachers’ perceptions on adequacy and utilization of physical resources in public and private primary schools. It was hypothesized that there was no significant difference in adequacy and utilization of physical resources in public and private primary schools in Lurambi sub-county, Kenya. It targeted 4992 participants, comprising of 78 head teachers, 390 teachers and 4,426 class 8 pupils of the public and private primary schools in Lurambi sub-county of Kakamega county. Data from headteachers and teachers were obtained by use of semi-structured interview schedules and questionnaires respectively. Data was analysed by means of descriptive statistics, and thereafter a Welch’s t-test used to test hypothesis. The study found that there was a significant difference in adequacy [F (1, 96.625) = 27.727] and utilization [F (1, 63.509) = 23.155] of physical resources in private and public primary schools, p < 0.001 at α = 0.05. Private schools had a higher level of adequacy as well as utilization of school resources in all categories than public primary schools, except for playgrounds. The study thus recommends that the government should step up provision of resources to public schools in order to enhance performance to match private schools.
Coaches‘ Qualifications and Athletes‘ Achievement in Sports Academies in Kenya
(International Journal of Science and Research, 2022-07-10) Okoti, David; Kati, Robert O.; Mutende, Rose
Coaches are the most contiguous stakeholders to the athlete in the sports talent development process, hence their qualifications can neither be underestimated nor ignored in projecting the athletes’ achievement. Little research has however been done to examine the qualifications of coaches and trainers in sports academies, and how the same relates to athletes’ achievement. This study, therefore, examined coaches’ qualifications and athletes’ achievement in sports academies in Kenya. A total of 102 sports academy coaches sampled from 19 sports academies were involved. The study employed a cross - sectional mixed - methods design to generate both qualitative and quantitative data. It was hypothesized that there was no statistically significant relationship between the qualifications of coaches and athletes’ achievement in sports academies in Kenya. The study found that a majority of coaches (60.7%) had a coaching experience of less than 5 years in the sports academy; a majority agreed that coaches in sports academies had high professional qualifications; a majority (35.7%) had a Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE) as the highest academic qualification; the majority agreed that higher academic qualifications were important for effective athlete coaching; and there was a strong, positive correlation between the qualification of coaches and athletes’ achievement, which was statistically significant (γ = 0.424, p ˂ 0.05). The study recommended that the Ministry of Sports Culture and Heritage should in liaison with relevant stakeholders develop and administer refresher courses for sports administrators and coaches of sports training institutions; sports academies should recruit coaches with higher academic and professional qualifications; coaches should undertake refresher courses regularly to upgrade and update their coaching skills and competencies.
Rethinking Proficiency in the Language of Teaching and Learning (LoTL) as a Pillar in the Learning of School Mathematics
(International Journal of English Language and Communication Studies, 2022-04-10) Otuma, Nick Vincent; Kati, Robert O.; Wekesa, Duncan Wasike
Although English has become the preferred language of instruction in most classrooms, including those of mathematics across the world today, it will still remain a second language (L2) to many students and their teachers for a long time to come. In mathematics language research, the attention so far given to the role of English as the Language of Teaching and Learning (LoTL) has been with the regard to the impact of levels of student proficiency in the language. This perhaps explains why those who learn in English as their first language (L1) are perceived as proficient in mathematical language, while L2 learners have to attain a level of proficiency in English first. This is in spite of the current absence of clear benchmarks for satisfactory proficiency in English for successful general learning in school mathematics. The poignant question remains: must L2 learners learn mathematics in English given the double jeopardy they face? This paper presents a critical analysis of findings of students’ interpretation of lexical vocabulary common in mathematics texts and in the classroom language typical of mathematics students in L2 contexts, to highlight the general difficulty of this language (English) to the mathematics learners. The main study from which the paper is extracted employed multiple-case study design to examine Mathematical Language (ML) usage and learners’ conceptual understanding of mathematics in secondary schools in Kenya. Data were collected by questionnaires, classroom observations and interviews. The findings of the paper indicate that a majority of L2 students have low proficiency in LoTL; socio-economic background is a factor of proficiency in the LoTL, and mathematics teachers were not aware of the importance of language in learning mathematical concepts. The main conclusion of the paper is that interpretation of mathematical concepts is language dependent which is a challenge to learners not versed in the LoTL. The paper recommends rethinking of LoTL mathematics which L2 learners are versed in to raise levels of conceptual understanding of mathematics.
Classification Algorithm for Career Recommendation System
(International Journal of Computer Applications Technology and Research, 2022-04-10) Masika, Robert; Rono, Richard; Kati, Robert O.
The tremendous developments in technology that have been realized in this digital era have greatly improved the way in which data is collected and used in schools. Over the years the number of secondary schools using technology in processing student data has been increasing steadily. As a result, a large amount of data in electronic form has been gathered. Classification algorithms can be used to study the patterns presented in these data and use it to predict a suitable career for a student. In this study classification algorithms were used to predict a suitable career for form four students. The study evaluated the best classification algorithm for implementing the career recommendation system in Kenya. The Cross Industry Standard Process for Data Mining framework was applied to a dataset drawn from form four students in Bungoma County in Kenya. Stratified random sampling was used to select 50 secondary schools and a 10% of candidates were selected from every sampled schools. The collected data were cleansed, preprocessed and analyzed using a data mining tool of RapidMiner. Various classification algorithms were evaluated in predicting a suitable career for a student. The study findings revealed that classification algorithms can be used to predict a suitable career for a student. All the classifiers that were used gave a predictive accuracy of above 88% though deep learning was the most accurate with 97.5%. However, since the classifiers out performed each other in various metrics, therefore using multiple classification algorithms in building the recommendation model can yield better results. The study therefore concludes that classification models comprising of multiple classifiers can be used to predict suitable careers for secondary students.
Teacher Perceptions on Implementation of Teacher Performance Appraisals in Public Secondary Schools in Bungoma County, Kenya
(The International Journal of Business & Management, 2020-08-10) Owiye, Joan Amwayi; Maiyo, Julius K.; Kati, Robert O.
In public secondary schools, the teachers have to undergo a continuous Teacher Performance Appraisal (TPA) which forms part of the Performance Contract that the Principal signs as a binding agreement between the school and the government. The purpose of this study was to determine the Influence of Teacher Performance Appraisal policy in the Implementation of Performance Appraisal among Public Secondary Schools in Bungoma County. The specific objective was to establish the influence of Teacher Performance Appraisal and Development (TPAD) policy on implementation of performance appraisal. This study was guided by the Performance Appraisal Model. Descriptive research design was used with both qualitative and quantitative data collected for analysis. The study targeted 1107 respondents drawn among Sub County TSC directors, TSC Human Resource Officer, Principals, Deputy Principals and Directors of studies in schools. The study sample included 111 respondents, probability sampling; specifically stratified random sampling was used to pick the schools included in the sample. National schools,being only 2 in the County were purposively sampled; data collection was done using interview schedules, questionnaires and Focused Group Discussions (FGD). Data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics; findings were presented using tables. The study found that teacher perceptions do affect the implementation of TPAD. The study recommends that: teachers are sensitized and capacity built on TPAD to enhance their understanding of the practice. Teachers should take opportunities for peer learning to reflect and refine their own quality assurance processes and that teachers too can keep a diary to record thoughts about daily Classroom and outdoor activities.
Markovian Modeling of Students Performance by Cohorts in Secondary Schools
(Iconic Research and Engineering Journals, 2024-11-10) Amwayi, N. Everlyne; Sirengo J. L.; Kati, Robert O.
The evaluation of students’ progress is a very important part of any educational system. Examination results is one of the indicators of a student’s success and school performance. The assessment methods used in schools cannot be used to forecast with what certainty a student’s level of performance will change in either direction. The Markov chain model can be sensitive to reflect the true assessment. In this paper Markovian modeling of student performance by cohorts in Secondary school was done. The paper sought to show how students’ achievements in the immediate previous exams affect the final grade. With the help of Markovian chains, the probability of a student scoring a given grade at the end of the course was shown. The study was conducted through case studies, document analysis, Markovian chain theory, maximum likelihood estimator to estimate transition parameters and Matlab software. It is hoped that the findings of this study will yield information that will be useful to project planning and decision making by the candidates, teachers, parents, curriculum implementers and evaluators and other stakeholders in the education system.
Student Digital Admission and Academic Management in Public Universities in Western Kenya
(Global Scientific Journals, 2023-08-10) Wanjala, Evanson Cheloti; Singoro, Berita; Kati, Robert O.
COVID-19 crisis forced Education Systems worldwide to find alternatives to in-person Management. As a result, digital management of student’s academics was used on an unprecedented scale. The purpose of the study was to examine the influence of digital platform on the management of student’s academics in public universities in western Kenya. The study was designed to examine the use of digital tools on Admission in management of student’s academics in public universities in western Kenya. The target population was picked from 1043 respondents comprising 543 university academic staff in Western Kenya comprising; lecturers, CODs’ and 500 students. The study adopted a sample size of 289 respondents that were a representative of the study population. The mixed research design was adopted where both qualitative and quantitative approaches were used. Sampling involved the use proportionate stratified random sampling. Data collection instruments included the use of questionnaires, interviews and observation. Data was analyzed using Descriptive statistics; Mean median and standard deviation while inferential statistics used were Logistic regression analysis and Chi square test. The study was informed by the theory of online collaborative learning and the management theory. The outcome displayed that student digital admission had some significance on academic management in public universities in Western Kenya with a constant coefficient value of 2.534. Based on the results of this study, it was concluded that digital admission of students offers consistent evaluation techniques, assessment, tracking, monitoring and evaluation of students. This study recommends that admission of students in universities should be done through the digital platform in order to reach out many students and especially those who are very far from the university.
Community Contribution and Student Unrest in Public Secondary Schools in Trans-Nzoia West Sub-County
(Global Scientific Journals, 2023-07-10) Telewa, Protus Wanjala; Maiyo, Julius K.; Kati, Robert O.
The frequent occurrence of student unrest has often resulted in frequent destruction of school property and loss of life in some incidences. The objective of the study was to look at the relationship between community contribution and student unrest in public secondary schools in Trans-Nzoia West Sub-County, Kenya. The target population was picked from 42 public secondary schools in Trans-Nzoia West sub- County, chiefs’ and the Sub-County director of education in the Sub- County. The mixed research design was adopted where both qualitative and quantitative approaches were used. Sampling involved the simple random sampling, purposive sampling and proportional sampling. Data collection instruments included the use of questionnaires, interviews and observation. Data was analysed using Descriptive statistics; Mean median and standard deviation while inferential statistics used were multiple regression analysis and correlation. The study was informed by the social system theory and the problem triangle. The outcome displayed that community contribution had a negative influence on student unrest. The analysis established that there was a strong positive and significant relationship between community contribution and student unrest in public secondary schools at r=.571**, r=0.01. The regression analysis revealed that community contribution to student unrest in schools accounts for 32.6 % of the variability to the unrest in public secondary schools. This results concur with other studies carried out. The recommendations made were that the school and community should work together to minimizecases of unrest.
Analyzing Trainees' Engagement with Learning Management System Across Various Modes of Study in Technical Training Institutions: A Case Study of Kenya
(Journal of Education and Practice, 2024-06-30) Orodi, Mubweka Getrude; Masibo, Edwin; Kati, Robert O.
Learning Management System (LMS) are software applications designed to manage digital learning content. Their utilization in education has been steadily increasing over the past few decades. However, there is need of comprehensive research focusing specifically on the effectiveness of LMS in enhancing the instructional process in Kenyan TTIs. The current state of utilization of Learning Management System in Kenyan TTIs and their influence on the efficiency of instructional processes remains unclear, necessitating an in-depth investigation to assess their role in improving the quality of education and learning outcomes in these institutions. This paper provides an analysis on the engagement levels of trainees using LMS in different modes of study. The study was anchored on Social Constructivism Theory in understanding how trainees learn. A mixed method design was employed involving both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Questionnaires and interview schedules were used to collect data and piloted to test their reliability and validity. The target population was the 34 County Directors in the 34 Counties with approved TTIs in Kenya, 154 Principals from the 154 approved TTI’s in Kenya, 3400 trainers and 132000 trainees from the 154 approved Technical Training Institutions in Kenya. Sampling involved stratified sampling where respondents were classified into their respective strata then Simple random sampling was employed to sample County directors. Principals, trainers and Trainees from the selected Technical Training Institutions. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study revealed varying degrees of engagement, competency levels, and challenges related to time sufficiency for LMS activities with the majority utilizing LMS on a weekly basis. Trainers expressed mixed perceptions on LMS competency and time sufficiency. The study found LMS as a framework that positively impact learner’s engagement, learning, and assessment in TTIs. The regression analysis highlighted the substantial predictive power of LMS variables—utilization, effectiveness, and pedagogy and instructional process explaining (99.8%) of policy variance. However, correlation findings suggest limited direct influence on policy formulation. The study recommends exploring LMS features, addressing technical challenges, and integrating technology into curricula through policy and collaboration. The study recommends the need for exploring the factors influencing trainees' engagement and the impact of LMS on learning outcomes, skill acquisition, and knowledge retention.
Comparative Analysis of Assessment Methods Enabled by Learning Management System in Technical Training Institutions in Kenya
(Journal of Education and Practice, 2024-06-30) Orodi, Mubweka Getrude; Kati, Robert O.; Masibo, Edwin
Learning Management System (LMS) are software applications designed to manage digital learning content, and their adoption in education has been steadily increasing. However, comprehensive research is needed to assess the effectiveness of LMS in enhancing the instructional process in Kenyan Technical Training Institutions (TTIs). Currently, the utilization of LMS in Kenyan TTIs and its impact on instructional efficiency is unclear, necessitating an in-depth investigation. This study aims to examine and compare the effectiveness of different assessment methods facilitated by LMS in Kenyan TTIs, grounded in Social Constructivism Theory to understand how trainees learn. A mixed-method design was employed, involving qualitative and quantitative approaches, with data collected through questionnaires and interview schedules that were piloted for reliability and validity. The target population included 34 counties with approved TTIs in Kenya, comprising 3400 trainers and 132,000 trainees from 154 institutions. Stratified sampling followed by simple random sampling was used to select respondents. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Trainers expressed mixed perceptions about LMS competency and time sufficiency, although they generally viewed LMS positively in terms of pedagogy engagement and alignment with learning needs. Challenges identified included technical issues and resistance to change. While traditional assessment methods such as quizzes, exams, and assignments were prevalent, there were suggestions for better alignment with curriculum objectives. Connectivity and technical glitches emerged as significant barriers to effective LMS implementation, highlighting the need for infrastructure investment and comprehensive training. The study found that LMS positively impacts learner engagement, learning, and assessment in TTIs. Regression analysis showed substantial predictive power of LMS variables on policy variance (99.8%), although correlation findings indicated limited direct influence on policy formulation. The study recommends exploring LMS features, addressing technical challenges, integrating technology into curricula through policy, and fostering collaboration between educational institutions and policymakers to develop guidelines addressing infrastructure needs.
Helping Learners Acquire Competencies in Animal and Soil conservation: The Case of Parental Engagement
(Quest Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Science, 2024-07-30) Nyongesa, John Wenje; Mutsotso, Stanley Ngome; Kati, Robert O.
Parental participation is an important link in skills achievement by pupils learning Environmental Activities at lower primary schools in Kenya. Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development (KICD) and Ministry of education (MoE) encourage Parental participation for effective and efficient teaching and learning of various environmental activities skills for holistic development of pupils as members of society. Environmental Activities encompasses sub-strands such as social interaction skills, Entrepreneurship skills, and agriculture (crop and Animal rearing) and soil conservation skills. This paper reports findings on parental participation and acquisition of animal and soil conservation skills. The study was informed by Systems theory. The study was conducted in three counties of Busia, Bungoma and Trans Nzoia, Kenya. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. The sample of the study was 1076 participants comprising 1051teachers and 25 Parents’ Association representatives (PAs). Random sampling was used to select schools while purposive sampling obtained teachers and PAs. Questionnaire was used to collect data from teachers and interview guide was used with parents. The study yielded qualitative data that was analyzed thematically and quantitative data which was analyzed using IBMSPSS 28.0 statistics software. The study found out that Parents were not participating fully in assisting pupils in take home assignments aimed at acquisition of animal and soil conservation skills. It was found that majority of the respondents (52.17%) did not confirm parental participation using the required ways of assisting pupils in their take home assignments in animal and soil conservation skills. The study recommends further analysis of context to understand the factors that influenced the findings. And, sensitization of parents on their role in supporting pupils obtain animal and soil conservation skills.

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