Researcher's Publications

Permanent URI for this communityhttp://erepository.kibu.ac.ke/handle/123456789/9616

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 397

A Comparative Analysis: Use of Visual Aids for Instruction in Kenya
(International Journal of Applied Science and Research, 2019-09-17) Wamalwa, Peter W.; Mutsotso, Stanley N.
Effective and Efficient construction of knowledge, skills and attitude in an attractive, interactive, engaging appealing and fashionable learning for Equity, Quality and Relevance of education is a concern by many scholars. This is due to rapid emerging developments in education and the modern world. Among these developments are the increased demands for relevant and quality education. These developments are putting undue pressure on education and as a result has brought into focus the most demanded for and yet elusive aspects of education – use of visual aids in Kenya, policy and practice. It is in the context of this focus that this paper interrogates the present topic. Visual learning resources enhances cognitive and retention abilities among learners for effective and efficient learning. This paper discuss historical background of Visual aids in Kenya; legal framework on visual learning materials; comparative analysis of forms of visual aids for learning, role of visual resources, criteria for selection of visual resources, management of visual resources in Kenya, challenges in using visual resources and, conclusion.
A computer mediated simulation module for teaching cell division in secondary school biology
(International Journal of Educational Research and Development, 2013-05-04) Wekesa, Duncan Wekesa; Wekesa E. W.; Amadalo M. M.
This paper describes the design and development of a valid, reliable and flexible instrument, a Computer-Mediated Simulation (CMS) module for teaching cell division topic in secondary school biology. The design was based on the generic instructional approach of Plan, Do, See and Improve (PDSI). Each step has an outcome that feeds the subsequent step or results in modification of the prior step. The design and development of a CMS module is aimed at bringing out the dynamics of the process of cell division to facilitate students understanding of the topic better. The process of cell division specifically involved the aspects of meiosis and mitosis. The module was also developed to fill, in some way, the special need for media and technology in biology teaching at secondary school level in Kenya and perhaps elsewhere. Evaluation of the CMS results of the actual implementation in test schools provide improvement highlights of the strengths of the module geared towards shifting the point set presently to a more desirable outcome
A computer systems cybersecurity challenges encountered by secondary schools in Kenya, A case study of West Pokot county
(International Journal of Applied Research, 2023-04-28) Kwanya, Patrick Omondi; Wechuli, Alice Nambiro; Luvanga, Anthony
The education sector over time had experienced numerous computer cybersecurity challenges. These challenges made them became an easy target for the cybersecurity criminals. Nowadays, most of the secondary schools in Kenya had been equipped with computers and computing devices. Most of these schools had internet connectivity too making them vulnerable to cyber-attack. The vulnerability was also as a result of them lacking resources and attention to cybersecurity due to cybersecurity challenges they experienced. They had weak application security systems, weak endpoint security systems, and weak patch cadence. The study aimed at establishing the computer systems cybersecurity challenges in secondary schools in Kenya. The study was done in West Pokot County. From the finindgs- staffs were allowed to carry their computing devices to the schools, and they connected them to the schools' network in order to access internet; there was no segmentation of network to allow staffs have their own separate network access; some schools had IoT devices with no network segmentations; most schools lack data recovery plan, means to provide endpoint security, means to provide mobile security and means to provide website security. Lack of finance and budget, IT personnel, and user awareness contributed largely to these challenges. By establishing the computer systems cybersecurity challenges encountered, the secondary schools therefore, will find a solution to address them especially by looking at the contributors to the aforementioned challenges.
A Contextual Analysis of Community Radio Programming and Peace Promotion in Political Campaigns in Kenya: A Case of Migori County
(New Media and Mass Communication, 2018-03-09) Mac' Ouma, Enock; Kinya, Henry; Mohochi, Ernest Sangai; Oluoch, John
With their ability to reach and influence a large number of people, community radios wield immense power in shaping the course of political discourse and contestations. Although many examples of the media’s negative contribution to escalation of violence and conflicts exist, fair and accurate journalism that builds confidence and counteracts misperceptions has the potential to transform and prevent political violence. Migori County is listed by the National Commission on Integration and Cohesion(NCIC) as one of the political violence hotspots in Kenya. The aim of this study was to investigate both programme genre and broadcast content of three community radios in the region. The objectives of the study were: To establish whether Milambo Radio 103.8 FM, Radio Tarumbeta 90.4 FM and Radio Rameny88.3 FM have programmes designed for promoting peaceful political campaigns in Migori County; to determine the extent to which such programmes are used in promoting peaceful political campaigns and to explore strategies through which the programmes may be made more effective in promoting peaceful political campaigns. The study used face-to-face interviews, focus group discussions and document analysis. Agenda Setting Theory supported by the Media Effects Theory were used.
A Critical Discourse Analysis of Radio Call-in Discourses in the Lubukusu Radio Stations
(KIBU, 2023-06-16) Wekesa, Ben Nyongesa; Wakoko, Macarios W.
A Framework for Integration of Web 3.0 and Social Media Technologies in Government Portals for Personalized Integrated Service Delivery
(International Journal of Computer Trends and Technology, 2020-06-05) Mwai, Josphat Karani; Makokha, John Wanjala; Karume, Simon Maina
The sustainable development goals (SDGs), which are at the heart of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, are closely interrelated. The integrated nature of the SDGs has shed new light on the need for integrated service delivery by various governments. An effective e-government portal needs a system with good Integration, interoperability and personalized service delivery. However, most e-government portals lack Integration, interoperability and personalized service delivery. The purpose of this study was to investigate how Web 3.0 and Social Media technologies could be integrated into existing government portals for personalized, integrated service delivery to citizens. The study employed design science research to achieve its objectives. The target population consisted of 94 experts involved in managing social media and portal services for the Kenyan government national portal (eCitizen). The study established that while most government portals had already incorporated social media, social media was being used mostly for information dissemination and not to offer other services like public participation or transactional services. The study developed a framework made of six components that would guide the Integration of web 3.0 and social media technologies within government portals to achieve personalized, integrated service delivery.
A Fuzzy Ontological Model for Semantic Interoperability in Distributed Healthcare Information Systems
(International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science, 2025-01-17) Okemwa, Joshua; Owoche, Patrick Oduor; Mbuguah, Samuel Mungai
The exchange of patient or care data across heterogeneous health systems is crucial in the modern healthcare ecosystem yet remains daunting. Integration and interoperability in siloed health applications require robust health information exchange (HIE) and a pragmatic ontological model to be successful. This paper details a prototype development endeavor and systematic review of literature that has pioneered the development of a robust, practical, and tested fuzzy ontological model to enhance semantic interoperability in siloed, distributed health systems. Leveraging the tenets, standards, LOINC codes, and developed model from this study will enable robust and flexible data mapping and sharing health data in an environment marred with ambiguities and uncertainties but requiring the sophistry of interoperability
A Historical Development of Language in Education and Language Testing In Kenya
(International Journal of Current Research, 2020-09-30) Wekesa, Ben Nyongesa
In an attempt to trace the development of English language teaching and testing in Kenya, this paper looks at language in education in Kenya. Language in education aims at defining three major issues. Firstly, it defines the role of English language in teaching and testing in the pre-independent era. Secondly, it assesses the place of English in teaching and evaluation during post-independent Kenya, during the 8-4-4 system and finally in the newly rolled out Competency Based Curriculum (CBC). Unlike other literature which focus on language policy, this paper traces the history of English language in the Kenyan education with a special focus on language testing; a component of teaching and learning process. The paper concludes that although, efforts have been made in improving the teaching and testing of English language in Kenya since the colonial era, there seem to be some form of rigidity in testing in that very little changes can be cited compared to the art of teaching. Teaching of English language has progressively changed in its approach, however, language testing has not been adaptive to these changes, for example, testing at secondary school level is more of the structuralism approach yet the teaching approach is communicative. Speech work is not overtly examined both at primary and at secondary school levels. All examinations are wholly written. This disregard for speech work leads to poor communicative competence yet it is the main objective of the English syllabus.
A Model for Analyzing Usage Factors in Designing User Acceptance of Biometric Voter Registration Technology
(International Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2021-12-04) Nyakundi, Richard Kayanga; Mbuguah, Samuel Mungai; Makiya, Ratemo
Models leading to acceptance of the technology remain largely unrealized in economically transitioning countries due to low adoption of appropriate and acceptable electronic technology models. This is because electoral bodies focus on the technical supply-side factors with little emphasis on acceptable biometric technology systems. While a number of adoption models have been applied to the developed countries, they require domestication in order to address the specific client-based needs of developing nations. This study therefore was meant to provide A Model for User Acceptance of BVR Technology. This model sought to explain the low acceptance level of biometric technology acceptance that led to development of a model which best support free, fair and credible election process. A Model for Adoption and Acceptance of Successful BVR Technology is developed and validated. The findings affirm that the model can be adopted and applied in both developing and developed countries to fast track the voting process.
A Program for Understanding Mathematical Probabiliy Concepts in Secondary Schools.
(International Journal of Development Research, 2018-03-03) Wekesa, Duncan Wasike
The pace of technological development in educational setting is on the increase in Kenya. The literature is replete with studies indicating that Computer Based Instructional programs enhance students learning outcomes. With the introduction of e-learning in Kenyan schools now at the pilot stage, there is need to develop computer-based programs in the area of mathematics where little or no studies have been done.
A Promising Early Maturing Sugarcane Variety from the East African Sugar Development Project (EASDP)
(Open Access Library Journal, 2022-06-10) Mutonyi, Jonathan; Khaemba, Michael Jones
Variety FR 95-2345 imported from Visacane, Cirad germplasm collection in Montpellier, France through the East African Sugar Development Project was evaluated along with five locally bred sugarcane varieties KEN 98-530, KEN 98-533, KEN 00-3811, KEN 82-472 and KEN 83-737 from 2017-2019 at Mu- mias in Western Kenya. The varieties were selected for earliness in maturity. Variety KEN 83-737 was included as a local standard and the plant crop was harvested at the age of 17 months. There were significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) among the varieties in all sampled parameters. The highest yielding va- riety was KEN 83-737 at 135.6 t/ha followed by KEN 98-530 at 111.5 t/ha and FR 95-2345 at 95.6 t/ha. The lowest yield was recorded on variety KEN 82-472 at 37.9 t/ha. No common diseases and pests were observed on the crop throughout the experiments. From the result, one locally bred variety KEN 98-530 and FR 95-2345 imported from Cirad were promising, having achieved 82.7% and 70.5% yield compared with the local standard. There was no significant difference (p < 0.05) in cane quality from the Brix readings, however, variety FR 95-2345 recorded the highest top:bottom ratio of 0.77, a desirable indicator for earliness in maturity. Testing of the two varieties for ratooning ability is recommended. Promotion and expansion of the area un- der fast-maturing varieties will address the raw material shortage that has negatively affected the sugar industry in Kenya.
A Radiological Survey in Tailings: A Case Study of Rosterman Gold Mine, Western Kenya
(Open Access Library Journal, 2020-05-13) Wanyama, Conrad Khisa; Makokha, John Wanjala; Masinde, Fred Wekesa
Thirty samples of tailing waste weighing 200 g were randomly collected from both active and inactive tunnels at the Rosterman gold mine site in western Kenya. The average activity concentration of the radionuclides (40K, 232Th and 238U) analyzed by the gamma-ray spectrometry in the tailing samples was 260 ± 14.29 Bq/Kg for 40K, 118 ± 8.25 Bq/Kg for 232Th and 81 ± 3.63 Bq/Kg for 238U. The corresponding radiological parameters for all the collected thirty tailing waste samples were determined from the specific mean activity concentrations. The average dose rate for all the samples was 54 nGy/h. The average radium equivalent value was 262 ± 12.04 Bq/Kg with a range of 154 ± 6.42 Bq/Kg to 350 ± 10.24 Bq/Kg. The average values of external and internal indices were 0.6 ± 0.03 mSv/y and 0.7 ± 0.04 mSv/y respectively. The average indoor and outdoor annual effective dose rates that were determined for this study were 0.3 ± 0.02 and 0.2 ± 0.01 respectively. Therefore, the tailing samples recorded doses and radiological indices below the world average permissible values. This implies that the radiation exposure to the miners and general public due to tailing wastes at Rosterman gold mine poses no significant health risk.
A Review Paper on Application of Model-Driven Architecture in Use-Case Driven Pervasive Software Development
(International Journal of Computer Trends and Technology, 2022-04-05) Korongo, Julia N.; Mbugua, Samuel T.; Mbuguah, Samuel Mbugua
This article explores the Model-Driven Architecture (MDA) approach concerning software modelling during systems development. The evolution of MDA is changing software development into a simpler process with less turnaround time, faster deliverability and greater innovation. MDA facilitates building pervasive software systems from high-level models to descriptions of processes known as Use Cases or Scenarios. The first section addresses the role and the importance of software systems architecture in building robust software systems. The second section describes the concept of MDA, in particular, modelling and how to apply Use Case Scenarios using Unified Modeling Language (UML) during software development. Finally, the paper explains the advantages and disadvantages of the MDA and further observes the challenges of MDA in representing the progression and transformation of information in pervasive software development.
A Study of Terrorism Discourse in TaifaLeo Newspaper of Kenya
(Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 2013-03-10) Owala, Silas Odhiambo; Indede, Florence; Mohochi, Ernest Sangai
Terrorism is a global concern and usually elicits a lot of sensationalism every time it occurs. The media often finds itself in the middle of debates over this issue. Apart from the role of informing the public, the media has a responsibility of avoiding the creation of animosity amongst the readers. The choice of language used by the media can create a negative attitude towards one another among the readers and the public in general. This research investigated discourse on national and international terrorism in Taifa Leo, a daily published in Kiswahili language in Kenya. The main objective was to analyze the language used in reporting terrorism news in the newspaper. The intention was to find out how the language used in those specific news items created bias in presentation of terrorism news. The parts of the newspaper that had reports on terrorism were isolated and analyzed over a period of one year. The study revealed that there was bias in the way this newspaper reported terrorism news. The biases that were noted were mostly caused by discourse structures that were provided by either the reporters or the sources they quoted.
A Survey of Awareness of Social Engineering Attacks to Information Security Management Systems: The Case of Kibabii University Kenya
(International Journal of Computer Applications Technology and Research, 2022-03-26) Mbuguah, Samwel Mungai; Otibine, Tobias Okumu
Computer based systems are socio-technical systems in nature. The security of the system depends both on technical aspect and also social aspect. The social aspect refers to people in contact with system commonly referred to as wetware. To attack the system you may consider to target the technical or wetware. Social engineering is based on exploiting human traits that make human susceptible to these attacks. The aim of this paper was establish how aware the staff of Kibabii University were of these attributes and how these attributes could be used by social engineers to penetrate the Information Security Management systems at the institution. A survey research was adopted with a questionnaire being developed using Google application, and was administered online to all staff members of Kibabii University. A descriptive analysis was carried out on feedback. The finding was that to a large extent the sampled staff are aware of these traits but there is need for awareness training to enhance the information security management system of Kibabii University
Access and Use of Information for Enhanced Adoption of Climate Smart Agricultural Practices among Smallholder Farmers in Lake Victoria Basin, Kenya
(AgroEnvironmental Sustainability, 2024-06-26) Ajwang, Stephen; Owoche, Patrick; Mutonyi, Jonathan
The value of information in agricultural production cannot be overemphasized given the challenges caused by the impact of climate change. This study evaluated the importance of accessing and using information for enhanced adoption of climate-smart agriculture (CSA) practices in sorghum production among smallholder farmers in Lake Victoria Basin, Kenya. The study used a quantitative research method with a correlation design, collecting data from 382 farmers through a questionnaire. A pilot study was conducted with a 10% sample size to assess reliability and validity achieving a CVI value of 0.877445696 and Cronbach’s alpha (α) value of 0.809. Descriptive statistics were used to determine information access and use, while correlation analysis examined associations between age and education and information access and use. The findings showed that farmers obtained information primarily from television, radio, extension workers, and neighbors and friends. The accessibility and use of this information were influenced by age and level of education. The findings are significant since they can help agricultural stakeholders identify and use appropriate channel and context-specific information to disseminate information that would enhance the adoption of CSA practices for improved sorghum yield. This may increase farmers' resilience to climate variability and improve their farming knowledge and skills, potentially leading to better livelihoods for the farming communities in the region. By advocating the provision of easily accessible and relevant information in the appropriate format and media, the findings may aid in policy formulation by providing policymakers with insights when formulating agricultural policies and legislation.
Activity Concentration Levels of Natural Radionuclides in the Sediment Samples from Rosterman Gold Mine, Lurambi Sub – County, Kakamega County, Kenya
(International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science, 2020-07-05) Wanyama, Conrad Khisa; Masinde, Fred Wekesa; Makokha, John Wanjala
Rosterman, located in Lurambi sub - county, Kakamega County, Western Kenya consists of gold mining that is done locally (artisanal gold mining). The activity concentration of 238U, 232Th and 40K in sediment samples from the wastes of gold mining were determined by gamma ray spectrometry using NaI (Tl) detector and decomposition of measured gammaspectra. As a measure of radiation hazard to the general population, gamma radiation dose rates were also evaluated. The average activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th and 40K were 85±2.24, 114±5.78and 260±12.18Bqkg-1, respectively. The mean absorbed dose rate in air was 52.5±4.2nGyh-1 while the annual average effective dose rate for indoor and outdoor were 0.4±0.02 and 0.3±0.01mSvy-1 respectively. The absorbed dose rate due to gamma radiation from naturally occurring radioactive materials was below the global average value of 60 nGyh-1. Hence, mining of gold at Rosterman has minimal hazardous health implicationto the general public.
Adoption of ICT to Enhance Access to Healthcare in Kenya
(IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering, 2021-04-28) Mbugua, Samuel Thaiya; Korongo, Julia; Mutai, Joram; Masese, Benard; Nambiro, Alice Wechuli
Kenya like other developing countries is faced with a burden of disease aggravated by poverty. Communicable and non- communicable diseases are increasing at an alarming rate and straining already overburdened and weak heath systems. Faced with a rapidly growing population, poorly equipped health workforce and meager resources to support the healthcare systems, there is a continuous search for tools to offer better healthcare in these resource constrained settings. ICT for development is one tool that has been adopted to improve access to quality healthcare for populations in resource constrained settings. While the tool has been shown to impact the health care sector positively, the use of ICT has brought in challenges of interoperability and usability of electronic systems in health. In this paper we investigate how Kenya has utilized ICT to spur development in the health sector and the measures she is undertaking to address these challenges. We advance that ICT for development is a tool that needs to be fully exploited by developing countries in order to bridge gaps in healthcare emanating from limited finances, poor infrastructure and an over-stretched healthcare workforce.
Adoption of Machine Learning Technologies in Mitigation of Climate Change Risks in North Rift, Kenya
(International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering Review, 2025-07-07) Siunduh, Eric Sifuna; Ikoha, Peters Anselemo; Konje, Martha Muthoni
This study examines the implementation and effectiveness of Machine Learning (ML) technologies in addressing climate change risks within Kenya's North Rift region. The research investigates how ML applications are being utilized to enhance climate resilience, improve agricultural practices, and support decision-making processes in climate risk management. Through a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative data analysis and qualitative stakeholder interviews, this study evaluates the current state of ML adoption, identifies key challenges, and assesses the impact on local communities. Findings indicate that while ML adoption is still in its early stages, there is significant potential for these technologies to improve climate risk prediction, optimize resource allocation, and enhance adaptation strategies. The study reveals that successful implementation requires addressing infrastructure limitations, building local capacity, and ensuring community engagement. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on technological solutions for climate change adaptation in developing regions and provides practical recommendations for policymakers and practitioners.
Advection and its applications: Trajectories over Busia County in Kenya
(Climate Change, 2020-12-04) Juma, G. S.; Kituni, Nebat; Makokha, John Wanjala
Advection is defined as a conservative transport of a substance by bulk motion. The substances include pollutants, enthalpy or any material that contains thermal energy. This paper introduces the concept of advection as applied in air pollution modelling of possible pollutants using Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory Model (HYSPLIT). A three dimensional (3-D) advection equation is specified and a graphical output of a forward air trajectory given over Busia County. The study reveals transboundary flow of air pollutants to the Eastern parts of Uganda and across counties in Western, Central, Rift valley and Eastern Kenya respectively. An intercounty environmental monitoring policy framework is recommended in this study due to the trans county nature of air pollution issues.

Browse

Browsing Researcher's Publications by Title