Researcher's Publications
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Item The Syntax of Dholuo Anaphors and Case Assignment(International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), 2021-04) Onyango, J. A; Nandelenga, H. S.; Ogutu, E. A.Anaphors which include the reflexive and reciprocal manifest differently in languages all over the world. As referent items, they occur as morphological, syntactic or lexical. In this paper, a different focus is taken by assignment of case to determine grammaticality of sentences that contain anaphors. Data was drawn from native speaker intuition and secondary data from scholars. The data was subjected to validation by being verified by six adult native speakers. Different types of anaphors collected were analyzed using descriptive and qualitative research designs. Case Theory, a module of Government and Binding Theory was used as the tool for analysis. The analyses report that Dholuo language exhibit both lexical and non-lexical words as anaphors which occupy object position. The non-lexical anaphor –r ‘self’ or ‘each other’, does not occur in isolation; it is attached to the verb and followed by a personal pronoun. It is also established that Dholuo anaphor is assigned morphological accusative case by the verb, the antecedent is assigned abstract nominative case by INFL(ection); while the preposition assigns oblique case to its object to satisfy the case filter principle. However, Exceptional Case marking (ECM) occurred where the anaphor in an infinitival IP was exceptionally assigned accusative case by the verb from the matrix. But, where the Complementizer Phrase (CP) and Prepositional Phrase (PP) occurred, ECM does not apply since they are barriers to government. Conversely, Case Theory could not account for assignment of case to an extra anaphor in the sentence like wuon ‘self’ in Dholuo that occurred with the anaphor –r ‘self’ ‘each other. Therefore, there is need for a linguistic theory that captures the assignment of case to two anaphors that occur in constructions.Item The Specific Heat Of Boson-Fermion Pair Condensate In Optimally-Doped Cuprates(Journal of Multidisciplinary Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST), 2021-12) Mukubwa, A.; Makokha, J. W.; Masinde, F. W.Recent studies have shown that the interaction between a finite momentum Cooper-pair boson and a fermion supports superconductivity in cuprates. Specifically, the occurrence of a superconducting energy gap in cuprates is defined by the collective excitation of boson-fermion pair condensates (BFPC) above the ground state. The ground state energy of BFPC in these materials show dependence on single-fermion spins. We study the specific heat of a BFPC in high temperature cuprates based on the ground state energy which represents the total internal energy of the system. The model results are in close proximity with the empirical findings. For instance, the specific heat of the model in Y123 is determined as 𝟏𝟏𝟖.𝟗 𝐉𝐦𝐨𝐥−𝟏𝐊−𝟏, which close to the measured value of 𝟏𝟐𝟕.𝟖 𝐉𝐦𝐨𝐥−𝟏𝐊−𝟏.Item Student Mobility Procedures Manual Development Strategy for International Offices in Universities(IOSR Journal of Research & Method in Education (IOSR-JRME), 2021-12) Owoche, P.Background: Policies reflect the rules guiding the implementation of the organizational process. Procedures, on the other hand, represent an implementation of policy and need to be responsive to the changing work environment over time as new tools emerge, new processes are designed, and the risks associated with an area change in response to internal or external environmental changes. This paper aimed to come up with a strategy for developing a student mobility procedures manual for an international office in a university. Materials and Methods: In this paper content analysis was used to analyze the activities carried out in the life cycle of student mobility from recruitment and selection to credits transfer and post mobility evaluation. Results: The categorized student mobility activities into four broad categories of recruitment and selection; pre-travel; arrival, stay, and departure; and after mobility. The paper suggested a student mobility procedures manual development approach that uses five work packages of international office staff capacity building; procedures manual development; operationalization; quality control and monitoring; and dissemination. Conclusion: The ultimate goal for a procedure document is for the design to be simple, consistent, and easy to use. To ensure a consistent format between documents, the university needs to develop a manual template to help the writers of the procedures get started. The guidelines in this paper can be very useful in structuring and compiling the manual content. The paper emphasizes stakeholder engagement in the entire lifecycle of the procedures manual.Item Effective Microorganism Effect on the Growth and Yield of Spider Plant (Cleome gynandra L.)(IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS), 2021-12-21) Kerubo, F. N.; Okello, S. V; Oluko, P. S.Cleome gynandra was tested under different Effective Microorganisms (EM) levels in a CRD greenhouse pot experiment. The study used two varieties (MSL-17 and MSL-F3), combined with five EM concentrations (EM 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 g/L) on ferralsol soil in Kibabii. Normal agronomic management practices were carried out. Data was collected weekly on plant height, leaf area, leaf fresh and dry weight, days to 50% flowering, leaf number, soil microbial count, water and chlorophyll content. Spider plant varieties varied significantly (P≤0.05) in number of days to seedling emergence, local spider plant variety recorded lower seed germination than the exotic variety (MSL-F17). Plant height decreased by 7.0% with reduction in EM concentration level. Number of days to flowering was significantly affected (P≤0.05) by EM concentration level. Single leaf area significantly decreased (P≤0.05) with decline in EM concentration level for both varieties. Control (EM 0g/L) led to a significant reduction in spider plant single leaf area by 10.97%. Reduction of EM concentration level reduced chlorophyll content by 8.2 % across the varieties. Increased chlorophyll content due to increasing EM concentration level may be attributed to nutrient richness due to use of EM. High EM concentration level at EM 200g/L led to a significant (P≤0.05) reduction in spider plant single leaf area that could be attributed to significant (P≤0.05) increase in chlorophyll manufacture as well as plant cell turgor pressure. Leaf relative water content significantly decreased (P≤0.05) with reducing EM concentration. Increase in EM concentration significantly increased (P≤0.05) leaf yield by 25.7% and 14.0%, in exotic and local varieties respectively. Increased EM concentration at 200g/L significantly increased (P≤0.05) plant height, number of leaves per plant, single leaf area, chlorophyll content, leaf relative water content, and leaf yield. There exist significant genotypic differences in adaptation to EM concentration levels among the evaluated genotypes. Spider plant varieties varied significantly (P≤0.05) in agronomic traits, with variety MSL-17 at EM 200g/L, recording superior agronomic traits for growth, hence may be used for production and in the development of improved spider plants. MSL-F17 could be recommended for adoption by small scale farmers for direct production.Item Sexual Objectification of Women in Selected Kipsigis Popular Songs of Kenya(World Journal of Innovative Research (WJIR), 2022-01) Ruto, L. K.; Nandelenga, H. S; Wamaitha, L. M.Songs perform key roles in the society such as entertainment and education but can project certain ideologies and stereotypes. This study examined the objectification of women in selected Kipsigis popular songs. The researcher purposively picked 15 songs from speakers of Kipsigis popular artists, 30 respondents and five composers. An interview schedule was used to obtain the relevant information from the respondents and composers of the songs. The study was guided by Politeness Theory by Brown and Levinson (1978). The results of the study indicated that artists objectify women as instruments, female sex organ as food and a place while sexual intercourse is portrayed as a journey, war and work to mitigate their offensiveness. It is believed that the findings of this study would be of great significance in information dissemination to the media, schools and churches in censuring and sensitization of songs that objectify women. Also, the results of this study is expected to be instrumental in mitigating offensive expressions that cause harm and shame to the listeners of Kipsigis popular songs through proper interpretation of words and phrases that objectify women.Item The Role of Community Radios in the Development of Slum Areas(International Journal of Innovative Science & Technology, 2022-11-10) Manje I.W.This study sought to examine the role of community radio in promoting the development agenda of slum areas with a specific focus on Pamoja FM that serves Kibera slums in Nairobi. This case study utilised a descriptive design using qualitative approaches. The study utilised interviews, observations, and review of documents as the strategies of collecting data. Data was collected from a census sample of five newsroom staff and thirty regular listeners of Pamoja FM together with key informants who were interviewed and also participated in focus group discussions to provide information on the role of Pamoja FM in promoting the development agenda of their communities. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data based on study objectives and fieldwork. Data was presented in narrative form and direct quotations. The role of community radio in the provision of information and knowledge for development in slum areas were found to include fostering of peace building, promoting security, overcoming language barrier challenges in communication, encouraging community participation and mobilisation in development matters, acting as a government watchdog, empowering communities economically, and providing communities with a form of communication that they can closely identify with. The study concluded that community radio is a crucial part of the communication process that aids in social change because of its potential to facilitate participation and inclusion in development agendaItem Media Viability Needs Assessment(KCOMNET & GIZ, 2023-11-21) Manje, Isaac WamalwaKCOMNET through Umoja Radio for Peace (UR4P) project recently conducted a media viability needs assessment activity targeting 41 CRS. In 2021, the Media Futures East Africa Project, jointly implemented by the Aga Khan University’s Graduate School of Media & Communications and DW Akademie, investigated the state of innovation & media viability in Kenya. However, from the report presented, community radio was conspicuously missing out from the media viability needs analysis. The focus of was purely on print & commercial radio & television. This informed the need to conduct a media viability needs assessment for community radio. Cognizant of the fact that media viability needs assessment for community media is noticeably missing from recent studies, this assessment investigated the media viability needs of community radio. Media viability is the ability of media outlets to operate financially & editorially independently while still ensuring high-quality journalism. A media viability needs assessment is a process of identifying & assessing the needs of media outlets in order to support their long-term financial sustainability & empower them to produce high quality journalism in an editorially independent manner.