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Item Item Adsorption Kinetics and Isotherms of Methylene Blue by Geopolymers Derived from Common Clay and Rice Husk Ash(Physical Chemistry, 2017-10-07) Maingi, Francis M.; Mbuvi, H. M.; Ng’ang’a, M. M.; Mwangi, H.With the onset of industrialization mankind has witnessed various environmental issues in the society. Industrialization has not only brought development and prosperity but eventually disturbed the ecosystem. It is currently estimated that 1.1 billion people in the world lack access to enhanced clean water supplies. Consequently, pursuance of sustainable materials and technologies for wastewater remediation is critical. Use of adsorbents for wastewater treatment is preferable due to their simplicity and cheap materials involved. Geopolymers are synthesized hydrothermally using alumina and silica which possesses amorphous surface for use as adsorbents. There is adequate information and reports in literature that indicate clay contain alumina and silica. Similarly, findings have shown that rice husk ash contains substantial amounts of silica. This work reports synthesis of geopolymers GP-1, GP-2 and GP-3 prepared by using different SiO2/Al2O3 ratios and consequently equilibrium and kinetics behaviour of adsorption of methylene blue. The geopolymers were characterized using FT-IR, EDS, XRD and SEM. Geopolymer adsorbents were subjected to methylene blue batch sorption experiments thate indicated the adsorption of MB increased with increased Si/Al ratio in geopolymers. The adsorption isotherms were described by Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Sips isotherms. Data for adsorption of MB onto geopolymers fitted best in Sips adsorption model. Kinetic studies showed that Pseudo -second order model were more suitable than the Pseudo- first order model in explaining the kinetics of adsorption.Item Advancing Technological Integration in Primary Schools in Kenya(Iconic Research and Engineering Journals, 2024-01-30) Etene, YonahThis paper examines the state of technology in primary schools in Kenya. It explores various aspects such as the presence of computing devices, data storage devices, cloud technology, internet connectivity, funding of internet connection, devices used to access information from the internet, types of internet applications, availability of computer rooms, computer networks, and the use of computers in schools. The findings provide valuable insights into the current technological landscape in Kenyan primary schools, highlighting areas of progress and areas that require further attention.Item Assessment of Nexus Between Features of School Culture and Student Deviance in Schools Within Bungoma County, Kenya(Asian Journal of Educational Research, 2017-09-29) Nabiswa, Janet; Misigo, Bernard L.; Korir, DanielWhereas many schools have been known to exhibit strong school cultures that seem to drive academic excellence, deviant behaviour in schools continues to be a matter of global concern. Knowledge of the role school culture plays in mitigating deviance is vital for any prevention programme yet this has been missing. The study sought to address this gap by examining influence of features of school culture on student deviant behaviour in secondary schools of Bungoma County, Kenya. A sample size of 79 secondary school management was used from a study population size [N] of 504. Mixed research design was employed while sampling strategy was a blend of multiphase, stratified and purposive sampling. The data for the study was obtained through questionnaire, interviews, document analysis and direct observations. Results were analyzed using cross-tabulations, frequency tables, Chi square and simple linear regression. The sampled features of school culture were being applied in schools within Bungoma County and Chi-square tests revealed a significant relationship between features of school culture and student deviant behaviour prevalence in schools. However, regression analysis revealed a weak to moderate relationship between features of school culture and deviance levels. The study concludes that features of school culture influences student deviant behaviour prevalence hence other than direct punishment of deviants, school cultures with features loaded with preventive and corrective aspects should be embraced. The findings strengthen empirical view to education sector towards packaging school culture as an important variable to mitigate student deviance.Item Biodegradable Superabsorbent Hydrogel from Activated Hydrochar-Glycerol Cross-linked with Maleic Acid(American Journal of Polymer Science, 2025-08-13) Mukulu, Stanley M.; Mbuvi, Harun M.; Kasimu, Titus M.; Maingi, Francis M.amounts of water or aqueous solutions due to the presence of hydrophilic functional groups in their network structures. The increasing population, coupled with advanced technologies, has led to a fourfold increase in demand in industrial applications, technological fields, medical fields, and agriculture. This study reports on the synthesis and characterization of superabsorbent hydrogels derived from activated hydrochar. The preparation of hydrochar was done via the dehydration process of sugarcane bagasse, followed by activation using acidified potassium permanganate to form activated hydrochar (AH). The AH was then reacted with glycerol to form polymer units (AHGL). The polymeric units were then reacted with maleic acid to form a superabsorbent hydrogel (SAH). Characterization of the synthesized SAH was carried out using FT-IR, SEM, and XRD. The swelling capacity was optimized by varying contact time and doses of both glycerol and maleic acid. The FT-IR spectra showed a C=O carbonyl spectral absorption peak at 1711.85 cm⁻¹ in SAH, indicating successful crosslinking. The XRD analysis portrayed the amorphous nature of hydrochar and AH, while AHGL and SAH showed semi-crystalline and crystalline nature, respectively. SEM analysis showed dense porous surfaces in SAH compared to rigid surfaces with fewer and unevenly distributed pores in AHGL. The gravimetric technique showed that the maximum absorption capacity of the SAH was obtained at the optimum reaction mole ratio of AH:GL:MA of 10:4:1. The maximum absorption capacity of the synthesized superabsorbent hydrogel relative to its dry mass was found to be 905% and was achieved in a period of 8 hours. Crosslinking the hydrogel improved the water absorption capacity, and hence, it has potential application in agriculture in arid and semi-arid regions.Item Item Buckling Load of Thin Spherical Shells Based on the Theorem of Work and Energy(IACSIT International Journal of Engineering and Technology,, 2013-06-25) Khakina, Peter NyongesaThin spherical shells usually fail due to buckling. An empirical equation to predict their buckling load is derived based on the theorem of work done and energy released in the inversion of a section of a shell and nonlinear finite element (FE) modeling done using ABAQUS to determine their post-buckling behavior. It is observed that the initial buckling is sensitive to initial geometrical imperfections but the post-buckling load is little influenced. Therefore, the post-buckling load is used to predict a more realistic load as compared to classical buckling theory predictionItem Clay-Rice Husk Ash based Geopolymers for Remediation of Pb (II) and Cd (II) from Wastewater(Egerton Journal of Science & Technology., 2019-10-31) Maingi, Francis M.; Mbuvi, Harun Mbatha; Ng'ang'a, M M; Mwangi, HenryIndustrialization and technological advancements have led to the generation of numerous pollutants such as heavy metals into the aquatic ecosystem. These toxic compounds are extremely dangerous to human health and the environment due to their non-biodegradability, severe toxicity, ability to accumulate and contaminate ground and surface waters. Subsequently, pursuance of sustainable materials and technologies for better attainment of environmental sustainability is critical. This study reports the synthesis of geopolymers GP-1, GP-2 and GP-3 from different clays. Geopolymers were hydrothermally synthesized using clay and rice husks waste as an alumina and silica source respectively. The geopolymers were characterized using Fourier transform-infra red, energy dispersive spectrometry, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope. Batch and gravitational column experiments using Pb (II) and Cd (II) ions were carried out. Increased metal ion uptake was recorded with raised Si/Al ratio of the adsorbents. The mean percentage uptake of 90.23 ± 0.4 and 89.63 ± 0.18 of Pb (II) and Cd (II) were achieved at pH of 4.0 and 5.0 respectively using GP-3. Langmuir, Freundlich and modified Langmuir Freundlich isotherms were used in equilibrium studies. Data for adsorption of Pb (II) and Cd (II) fitted best in the modified Langmuir Freundlich model. The highest adsorption capacities of Pb (II) and Cd (II) were 209.9 and 136.2 mg/g respectively, attained using GP-3. Based on the results obtained, geopolymers produced from common clay and rice husk waste displayed promising potentials in the removal of heavy metal ions from the aqueous phase. Considering the availability of raw materials for geopolymerization and the high metal ions uptake capacities of geopolymers, they can also be used as adsorbents for removal of heavy metals in industrial wastewater.Item Community Perception of Inclusive Education and Rehabilitation for Street Children in Mumias West Sub-County, Kenya(Research Journal of Education, Teaching and Curriculum Studies, 2026-07-23) Nabiswa, Janet; Mabele, ElizabethStreet children’s prevalence varies globally even among high income countries. This prevalence reflects a difference in the social, welfare, and health care factors that influence street children’s holistic development. Studies on the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) agenda on universal education seem elusive to this category of population. Kenya’s current competency-based curriculum of education defines a pathway for every Kenyan child yet prevalence of street children out of school including Mumias Sub- County continues to grow. Successful rehabilitation and reintegration of street children requires active participation and sustained support from communities in which they live. Researchers examined potential of inclusive education as a strategy for the rehabilitation of street children. Grounded in the Person- Environment (P-E)-Fit theory and the Social Exclusion Theory, this qualitative study explored the paradox of rehabilitating street children through inclusive education in Mumias West Sub-County Kenya amid negative community perceptions. Based on data drawn from 33 sampled street children and 11 key informants, researchers examined community attitudes, stigmatisation, parental involvement, and systemic barriers. Study findings reveal existence of negative community perception at 66.7%, stigmatization prevalence at 66.6%, negative attitude towards reintegration at 72.7%, and lack of direct parental involvement at 72.7%. Focused group discussions and interviews reveal limited community support, participation, and collaboration. This undermines rehabilitation and re-integration efforts for street children. The study recommends establishment and strengthening of multi-sector collaboration frameworks that consist of community leaders, governments, non-governmental organisations, schools and private institutions to create a supportive environment that promotes acceptance and provides psychosocial support for street children.Item Does Firm Innovativeness Mediate the Relationship between Human Capital and Financial Performance of Insurance Firms in Kenya?(European Journal of Business and Management Research, 2022-11-01) Kirwa, Tecla CeciliaThis study investigates the effect of firm innovativeness in mediating the human capital-financial performance link. The research is founded on human capital theory. The data was drawn from employees in all the 49 insurance firms in Kenya. The usable sample for the study comprised 372 employees. Data was gathered via a survey questionnaire and examined using structural equation modelling. The outcomes show that there is an affirmative and substantial association amid human capital and financial performance. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that a company's innovativeness helps to moderate the affiliation between financial performance and human capital.Item DSC 052: Introduction to social work and community development(KIBU, 2017-09-12) KIBUDSC 052: Introduction to social work and community developmentItem Effect of potassium dosage on selected growth parameters and yield response modeling on potatoes grown in Molo, Kenya(Journal of Scientific Agriculture, 2020-10-07) Maingi, Francis M.; Mbuvi, Harun MbathaThe Molo region of Kenya has experienced decreased potato acreage yields over the years. This has impacted negatively economic endeavors and food security of the region and Kenya at large. A preliminary study on the physical-chemical characterization of the soils indicated that they were deficient in the amount of available potassium. This finding was very important because the majority of the farmers in the region replenish phosphorous and nitrogen but not potassium. Subsequently, the present study was undertaken to determine the effect of replenishing selected farm soils with various potassium levels on the growth and productivity of ‘Shangi’ a variety grown in Molo Sub-county and ultimately determine the soil optimum potassium dose requirement. A field experiment was conducted with seven model-based K fertilizer treatments (0, 33.3, 41.5, 55.3, 133.3, 200 and 266.7 kg K2O/ha) and three replications in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The potassium sorption study was conducted using soil samples as adsorbent while varying the K+ concentration in solution. The data obtained were treated using both linearized and non-linearized Freundlich adsorption isotherms. The optimum potassium fertilizer rate was evaluated using yield response models (Quadratic, linear-plateau, quadratic-plateau, and square root). The results of the study showed that the increase in soil potassium levels led to a significant increase in growth and yield parameters. Aerial stem number, leaf number per plant, and plant height recorded increase with an increase in K levels. The sorption data were found to fit best in linearized Freundlich isotherm based on correlation coefficient values (R2) and error function analysis. The potassium buffering capacity ranged from 13.667-46.068 with a mean of 33.6 ± 17.4mg/Kg. The quadratic model fitted the data better than other models with R2 (0.9559) and SSE (18.237). K2O fertilizer application at 200 Kg/ha maximized the potato tuber yield to 30.111 Ton/ha. The result showed clearly that there is a need to adopt the use of potassium-based fertilizer according to soil requirements in this region to realize good tuber yield.Item Enhancing Individualized Learning in Distance Education with Multi-Agent Systems(Iconic Research and Engineering Journals, 2024-01-30) Etene, YonahThis paper explores the use of Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) to enhance individualized learning in distance education. It specifically focuses on the role of MAS in facilitating feedback communication and improving the timeliness of feedback delivery. The study highlights the importance of feedback in the learning process and presents data on learners' preferences for clarification of information and feedback delivery modes. The findings suggest that learners require timely and clear feedback, which can be addressed through the coordination of various MAS agents. By leveraging MAS, educational institutions can optimize feedback processes, promote effective communication, and support individualized learning experiences in distance education environmentsItem Exploring Interactive Learning Approaches and Technology Integration in the Kenyan Education System(Pan-African Journal of Education and Social Sciences, 2024-09-30) Roseline Nyamwamu Wangui; Ronoh, Richard; Etene, YonahThis paper examines the dynamic intersection of interactive learning approaches and technology integration within contemporary education. As technology rapidly evolves, it fundamentally reshapes pedagogical practices by introducing innovative tools and strategies that redefine the teaching and learning landscape. We investigated the pivotal roles of Extended Reality (XR) technologies, including Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR), in crafting immersive educational experiences. Additionally, interactive learning methodologies, such as game-based learning and the Learning by Asking (LBA) system, are scrutinized for their potential to engage learners and foster their skill acquisition. Furthermore, the emergence of competency-based education (CBE) models is analyzed in response to evolving educational objectives, emphasizing the cultivation of practical skills, problem-solving abilities, and commitment to lifelong learning. Nevertheless, the successful integration of these advancements encounters formidable challenges, including institutional barriers and the imperative need for comprehensive teacher training. This review illuminates the transformative potential of technology in education and underscores educators’ pivotal role in equipping learners for an increasingly dynamic and uncertain future.Item Fani ya isimujamii kwa shule za sekondari(Oxford University Press, Nairobi, 2008) Ipara, Isaac O.; Maina, GeoffreyFani ya Isimujamii kwa Shule za Sekondari ni kitabu kitokanacho na juhudi za makusudi za kuziba pengo la ukosefu wa vitabu kwenye ufundishaji wa somo la Isimujamii katika shule za sekondari. Kitabu hiki kimeandikwa na wataalamu wenye tajriba pana katika taaluma ya lugha na ufundishaji wake. Ni zao la utafiti wa kina na tathmini ya mahitaji ya wanafunzi na jamii. Upekee wa kitabu hiki unatokana na jinsi kinavyozingatia mahitaji ya walengwa. Kitabu kimekusanya mada na vipengele vyote vya Isimujamii vilivyomo katika silabasi mpya na kuvizamia kwa uketo. Aidha, maudhui yameshughulikiwa kwa namna inayosisimua na kuchochea hamu ya wanafunzi na walimu. Maelezo nayo yametolewa kwa utoshelevu na kwa njia sahali inayobainisha kwa uwazi dhana na hoja ili kurahisisha usomaji na uelewa. Mifano kemkemu inayokita katika mazingira na miktadha halisi inayofahamika imetolewa ili kukipa kitabu nguvu za kipekee. Kila sehemu ina maswali yenye lengo la kuzindua fikira za walengwa, kuwapa mazoezi na kuwapiga msasa. Fani ya Isimujamii kwa Shule za Sekondari kimeandikwa ili kukidhi kikamilifu mahitaji ya silabasi mpya ya Kiswahili na kuwapa wanaokitumia umilisi katika matumizi ya lugha kwenye nyanja mbalimbali. Kwa hakika kitabu hiki ni wenzo tosha kwa mwanafunzi anayejiandaa kuukabili ipasavyo, na kwa kujiamini, Mtihani wa Kiswahili wa Kitaifa wa Kidato cha Nne.Item Green ICT implementation in developing nations: personnel perspective(Scholars Press, 2014) Wabwoba, Franklin; Mbugua, SamuelThough ICT is contributing to the economy associated with innovations, inventions and rapid development in almost all aspects of human life, it is also responsible for climatic degradation. The rapid increase of ICT usage means more costs of doing business, energy consumption, and more environmental challenges. The rapidly changing technology and lack of their understanding has put a lot of pressure on both management and ICT personnel to implement them on a trial and error manner. This has limited the gains meant to be obtained from green ICT. The lack of appropriate alignment between the ICT personnel capacity and the workplace readiness poses more environmental and unsustainable resource utilization challenges. The book was informed by the G-readiness model. It discusses the green ICT technologies, the personnel awareness of green ICT, green ICT maturity, and workplace readiness for green ICT and the perceived barriers to green ICT implementations. It explains the extended G-readiness assessment and G-alignment models that when well applied are bound to enhance the implementations of green ICT. It is an excellent book for undergraduate and graduate studies for Green ICT courses.Item Ijaribu na Uikarabati(Oxford University Press East Africa Ltd 2018, 2018) Waititu, Francis; Ipara, Isaac O.Item Implementation evaluation metrics for ERP solution: A case of Kibabii University(IGI Global, 2020) Mbuguah, Samwel Mungai; Wabwoba, Franklin; Wanjala, Chrispus KimingichiMost institution of higher learning are implementing enterprise resource planning (ERP) in automating various activities. The architecture of most of the ERP is based on the service-oriented architecture (SOA) where each module can be called as service. In most of the contracts signed between the vendor and the university, payment is tied to the level of implementation. The question is how to then measure the level of implementation. This chapter proposes a metric that could be used. The metric was derived based on an acceptance test on each of functionality of module as per terms of reference. The result of a test was rated as a fail; the result was then coded such that a fail was assigned a zero (0), pass one (1), and query a half (½), from which a metric was derived which measures the level implementation.Item Information needs of women refugees at Kakuma refugee camp in Kenya(LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, 2013-06-19) Kilei, Ndukuh CharlesThe number of civil wars worldwide has increased dramatically since the end of the cold war,(1943-1991)The global increase in civil wars is because of ethnic and religious conflicts (Quick;1995). Refugees in acute crisis leave their homelands suddenly with little prior planning and with no choice about their destination. Information is very important to every aspect of society and to understand the information needs of immigrants is indeed essential for librarians or service providers in order to provide better services to them. Fisher [et al..] (2004) have specifically recognized the fact that immigrants are generally perceived to be information poor, meaning they face major challenges with finding and using greatly needed everyday information. In fact, immigrants need information constantly of all types like every other person for the development of a person.This piece of work targets the women refugees Information needs,this is because women have unique information needs such health issues because they are more exposed to disease and other woman related complications. They are also prone to deprivation of rights and exploitation than their male counterparts.Item Jungu kuu limeisha ukoko?Uendelelaji wa kiswahili kupitia uundaji wa msamiati(Chama cha Kiswahili Afrika Mashariki, 2007) Mohochi, Ernest Sangai