Department of Accountancy, Finance and Economics

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    Influence of financial management practice on financial performance of sugar manufacturing companies in Kenya
    (2017) Fwamba, Rashid
    The objective of this study was to establish the influence of financial management practice on financial performance of manufacturing companies using evidence from Kenya’s sugar industry. The following specific objectives were addressed by this study: to determine the investing practices on the financial performance of sugar manufacturing companies, to assess the influence of capital structure practices on financial performance of sugar manufacturing firms in Kenya, to evaluate the influence of liquidity practices on financial performance of sugar manufacturing companies in Kenya and to determine the influence of Board structure as a moderating factor on the financial performance of sugar manufacturing companies in Kenya. This study was guided by Liquidity Preference model, Modigliani and Miller Capital structure Model and agency theory. Most researches have concentrated mainly on single financial management decision on the financial performance of organizations. On this premise there existed a knowledge gap on the collective strategic financial management practices practiced by sugar industry and financial performance of sugar manufacturing industry, hence the need for this study. This research adopted a descriptive research design in which a census of all the targeted population of 12 manufacturing companies jointly from sugar manufacturing industry were drawn from a list of 800 manufacturing companies in Kenya, whereby a proportionate random sample of 109 employees were interviewed from all the 12 sugar manufacturing companies in Kenya. Questionnaires were administered as the main tool of data collection whereby 102 questionnaires were collected representing a 93.6% response rate. Descriptive statistical methods were applied to describe application of strategic financial management practices in the sampled manufacturing companies which were sugar manufacturing companies. Inferential statistical techniques such as Correlation analysis and regression analysis were applied to test the hypotheses of association and differences. Collected data was processed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) which was the main computer software that was utilized in data analysis. The strategic capital practices’ null hypotheses were rejected implying a significant effect on financial performance. Strategic liquidity practices were significant hence the null hypothesis was rejected. Strategic investing xxvi practices had coefficients of estimate which were significant implying that the null hypothesis was rejected. Board structure was found significant implying board structure as a moderating value has a significant influence on financial performance. It is therefore recommended that it is important for firms to retain their profits so that they can reinvest and gain higher returns on investments and shareholder equity furthermore Organizations need to utilize computers in cash management since they are efficient and effective. This study suggests the need for further research on other economic factors besides financial management practices that influence the financial performance of sugar manufacturing companies and other companies.
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    Technological Tax Reforms and Compliance Among Small and Medium Enterprises in Bungoma County, Kenya
    (Journal of International Business, Innovation and Strategic Management, 2022-10-01) Kabisa, K. N., Kirwa, T. & Atandi, F. (2022).
    Tax compliance is an area of concern in Kenya because of increased burden on borrowing from abroad. Kenya has struggled with persistent budgetary deficits due to an imbalance between government revenue and expenditure. High levels of non-compliance by SMEs have prevented the economy from receiving the necessary funds to address the ongoing imbalance. The Kenyan government has made an effort to bring SMEs under the tax net unfortunately overall level of compliance among SMEs is still low. This study therefore assessed the effect of technological tax reforms on tax compliance among Small and Medium Enterprises in Bungoma County. The study was guided by the Economic Deterrence, Social Influence and Adam smith canons of taxation theories. The study took into account a ten year period from 2011 to 2021 during which the revenue authority had implemented a wide range of tax reforms in an effort to address several tax compliance issues. A descriptive survey design was adopted where a survey was conducted on 1,527 Small and Medium Enterprises in Bungoma County, Out of this target a sample of 317 enterprises was established through Yamane formula and then randomly sampled. Quantitative primary data was obtained through a structured questionnaire then analyzed by both descriptive and inferential statistics. The results of the multiple regression analysis demonstrated that technological tax reforms (β = 0.780, P < 0.05) has a positive and statistically significant effect on tax compliance among Small and Medium Enterprises in Bungoma County. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that there is a moderate positive and statistically significant relationship between technological tax reforms and tax compliance among SMEs in Bungoma county as supported by (r=0.554, p<0.05). This led to the conclusion that an increase investment by Kenya Revenue Authority towards technological tax reforms has a positive results towards tax compliance among SMEs in Bungoma County. Based on that, the study recommends expanded taxpayer education on I tax matters and employing simpler payment methods such as Mobile money services and other mobile banking advancements.
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    Role of Strategic Culture on Employee Performance in Public Universities in Upper Eastern Region, Kenya
    (International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science, 2025-07-05) Kaguri, Magdalyne; Chebet, Sylivia; Kirwa, Tecla Cecilia
    Recognizing the essential for change and foreseeing organizations through change is the most challenging role for any leadership. Some changes can be alterable while others are not hence the risk involved in managing change. The study sought to determine the role of strategic culture on employee performance in public universities Upper Eastern Region, Kenya. Strategic culture refers to collective values, beliefs, norms and practices that define the character of a person in the work environment. The study was anchored on Kurt Lewis Change Management Theory. Descriptive survey design was adopted using quantitative methods. Employees of these universities were the study population, with a target population of 1296 employees and a sample size of 324 respondents. Proportional sampling technique was used in selecting Academic Staff and Support Staff while purposive sampling technique was used to select the university Management Staff, lastly stratified sampling was used to select the Administrative Staff. Data was obtained using questionnaires. The findings on correlation and regression analysis indicates that there was a significant positive relationship between strategic culture and employee performance in public universities in Upper Eastern, Kenya, where it was able to explain (β=0.495; p=0).
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    Revenue Collection Strategies and Revenue Generation in Western County Governments, Kenya
    (International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 2026-02-01) Kirwa, Tecla Cecilia
    Despite the devolved system of governance in Kenya, most of the counties, especially western Kenya, continue to face problems in raising enough own source revenue to fund their operations. As the local governments are under pressure to raise enough internal revenue to finance their operations, the need to adopt transparent and efficient revenue systems is no longer a choice but a requirement. This study sought to examine the relationship between revenue collection strategies and revenue yields in Western Kenyan counties with the goal of identifying best practices, systemic shortcomings, and feasible policy interventions. Guided by Public Financial Management theory the study employed a descriptive research design of 535 employees of county governments working in the revenue department of western counties of Kenya. A sample of 228 was approximated using the Yamane formula. Standardized questionnaires were employed in data collection and validity and reliability was ensured. The findings indicate that electronic payment systems (β= .627, ρ< .05), public enlightenment campaigns (β= .565, ρ< .05), and decentralized collection systems (β= 0.636, ρ< .05) have increased revenue inflows. The study recommends investments in training employees and using real-time auditing systems to boost revenue generation. This is considered to be an achievement of relevance to policy in improving revenue performance in county governments.