Sugarcane Farming in Nzoia Sugar Company, Bungoma, Kenya: A Review of the Employees’ Benefits, 1978-2020

Abstract

Sugarcane farming is one of the main agricultural-based economic activities practiced in Bungoma County. This article sets out to explore the socio-economic impact of sugarcane farming on employees of Nzoia Sugar Company (NSC) in Bungoma County, Kenya, from 1978 to 2020. The research is anchored on cumulative and cyclical interdependence theory and capability theory. In its methodology and design, it utilizes historical research design and collects data through; oral interviews, focus group discussions and document analysis. The respondents were 14 in number, comprising NSC employees, retired NSC officers and local administrators. In its findings, it reveals that sugarcane farming initially provided significant socio-economic benefits, including regular income, housing, healthcare, education, and skill development. However, from the year 2000 onwards, financial challenges led to deteriorating conditions with delayed salaries, reduced social services, and increased employee vulnerability. Further, its findings indicate that while NSC has contributed to infrastructural development, human capital formation and community empowerment during its prosperous years, the company's decline has created negative cumulative effects on employee welfare and community development. The research recommends a revitalization of the sugar industry through improved governance, technological upgrade and sustainable financing mechanisms.