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Browsing Journal Articles by Subject "Access"

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    Access to basic education in Kenya: inherent concerns
    (Academic Journals, 2007-10-30) Odebero, Stephen O.; Maiyo, Julius K.; Mualuko, Ndiku J.
    Basic education being the minimum education that every Kenyan must have for progressive existence in society is a crucial factor. That is why Kenya subscribes to the international protocol that established Education for All (EFA) in Jomtien, Thailand 1990 and the world education forum in Dakar, Senegal, 2000. Since then, the Kenya Government in her Education Sector Strategic Plan and Sessional paper No. 1 of 2005 has articulated how to attain goals for education. For instance early childhood education which tries to ensure development of the whole personality of the child’s physical, mental, and socioemotional attributes faces challenges such as lack of access to early childhood education mostly caused by poverty, regional and gender disparities, policy framework, and HIV/AIDS among others. At primary school level where children stay longest in the schooling years and they develop more motor skill, further cognitive skills along with higher socialization than the early childhood education level, has children failing to access education due to poverty, gender imbalances, regional imbalances among other concerns. Secondary education which creates a human resource base higher than the primary education along with training youth for further education and the world of work registers restriction to many children due to concerns of poverty, gender imbalances, insecurity regional disparity among others. This article articulates in detail the above concerns discussing their manifestations in Kenya. Conclusions are drawn and recommendations made on how to improve access to basic education in Kenya. Among the recommendations are: To make basic education free and compulsory, improve provision of health services, intensify fight against demeaning cultures, give special attention to children with disabilities, avail employment opportunities to the youth, assure security to all in conflict prone zones and tighten bursary disbursement procedures.
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    Contribution of microfinance in enhancing food access and coping strategy in aids-affected households in Kakamega county, Kenya
    (African Scholarly Science Communications Trust (ASSCAT), 2017) Ngala, CO.; Nguka, G.; Ong’anyi, PO.
    Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) pandemic increases a family’s food insecurity by reducing the family’s ability to produce food, which compromises their output and income. This reduces their food availability, accessibility and acquisition, and interferes with regular nutritional intake. In response, households develop various coping strategies, especially in the context of food shortages. Arguably, microfinance (MF) has been advocated by many as an antidote to disasters affecting the households in different disaster contexts, such as famine, poverty, and tsunami occurrences. This study, therefore, sought to find out the contribution of MF to AIDS-affected households in terms of food access and coping strategies in Kakamega County, Kenya. Specifically, the study determined the effect of MF on the proportion of income spent on food, and number of meals consumed in a day. It also sought to illuminate the coping strategies adopted by AIDS-affected households with and without MF in the context of food shortages. This study adopted both qualitative and quantitative approaches with an experimental framework. A sample of 404 AIDS-affected household heads was included in the study. Findings from descriptive and inferential analyses revealed that over 50% of AIDS-affected households before MF were spending their income on food irrespective of loan status, and there was a highly statistically significant difference in the proportion of income spent on food by affected households with and without MF. Those households with MF spent almost twice of their income on food compared to those without MF. There was also a highly statistically significant difference in the number of meals consumed between those households with and without MF, in favour of those with MF. Households with MF took relatively more meals. Lastly, households without MF adopted more severe coping strategies when faced with food shortages. The study concluded that affected households with MF had easy access to food, ate the required number of meals and adopted less severe coping strategies. This was because MF services came as a package of money, training and advisory on business and health-related issues, which did not only improve household income but also enhanced food access and enabled adoption of less severe coping strategies in AIDS-affected households in Kakamega County.
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    The relationship between students socio-economic status and accessto public university education in Bungoma West District, Kenya
    (International Journal of Advanced Research, 2013-05-29) Mabonga, Reuben Manyonge; Aywa, Shem; Odebero, Stephen; Poipoi, Moses
    To access university education in Kenya, one needs to attain grade C+ in Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education and above as a minimum qualification according to Joint Admission Board (JAB) requirements. The sample of students for this study was identified through simple random sampling while Public Universities were purposefully identified. The instruments comprised questionnaire and interviews. The validity of instruments was done through consultation with lecturers who are the experts in the Department of Education Planning and Management of Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology and supervisors. Data analysis was done on computer based Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) programme at the ANOVA and Chi-Square value 0.05 level of significance. Both descriptive statistics involving means, mode, frequencies and inferential statistics were used. The study found out that students’ socio economic status influenced the number of those who accessed university education. There is need for the government to establish a comprehensive scholarship and loan system for needy students.