Browsing by Author "Mbugua, Samuel Thaiya"

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Adoption of ICT to Enhance Access to Healthcare in Kenya
(IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering, 2021-04-28) Mbugua, Samuel Thaiya; Korongo, Julia; Mutai, Joram; Masese, Benard; Nambiro, Alice Wechuli
Kenya like other developing countries is faced with a burden of disease aggravated by poverty. Communicable and non- communicable diseases are increasing at an alarming rate and straining already overburdened and weak heath systems. Faced with a rapidly growing population, poorly equipped health workforce and meager resources to support the healthcare systems, there is a continuous search for tools to offer better healthcare in these resource constrained settings. ICT for development is one tool that has been adopted to improve access to quality healthcare for populations in resource constrained settings. While the tool has been shown to impact the health care sector positively, the use of ICT has brought in challenges of interoperability and usability of electronic systems in health. In this paper we investigate how Kenya has utilized ICT to spur development in the health sector and the measures she is undertaking to address these challenges. We advance that ICT for development is a tool that needs to be fully exploited by developing countries in order to bridge gaps in healthcare emanating from limited finances, poor infrastructure and an over-stretched healthcare workforce.
Empowering Small-Scale Women Entrepreneurs through ICTs for Socio-Economic Development
(IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering, 2021-04-28) Korongo, Julia N.; Mutai, Joram K.; Masese, Chuma Benard; Mbugua, Samuel Thaiya; Wechuli, Alice Nambiro
Women entrepreneurs are recognized as drivers for sustainable and inclusive socio-economic growth. Despite this, Small-Scale Women Entrepreneurs (SSWEs) undergo challenges in the current global market due to limited access and use of Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs). The disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic is fueling fast-paced innovation and uptake of digital technologies in all spheres of life indicating that the widespread shift to the use of more ICTs is indispensable. This is becoming increasingly clear that SSWEs are under considerable pressure in meeting business demands in the new reality. The study employed desktop research using mixed methods and descriptive approach to establish the role of SSWEs; the factors affecting SSWEs in socio-economic development and analyze the potential ICTs opportunities as tools for empowering SSWEs. The article explores how SSWEs can benefit from integrating E-business and digital marketing to foster communication and business. An analysis of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of SSWEs in relation to ICT4D is provided and the study recommends how to foster strategies and initiatives to promote SSWEs empowerment.
Leveraging ICT to Widen Access to Higher Education in Kenya
(Journal of the Kenya National Commission for UNESCO, 2021-06-28) Mutai, Joram Kiptoo; Masese, Benard Chuma; Mbugua, Samuel Thaiya; Korongo, Julia Nduta; Nambiro, Alice Wechuli
We argue for ICT leverage to curb limiting barriers and aid widening access to higher education in Kenya. Impediments to higher education access in Kenya include affordability, flexibility, institutional limited capacities, lack of opportunities for education mobility and lifelong learning. A qualitative content analysis methodology appreciated Kenya’s robust ICT infrastructure with great potential to tap into ICT based open and distance learning, learner centered E-learning and blended learning as some of the affordable and flexible strategies for widening access to higher education. In particular, ICT greatly enhances flexibility for working population because it fits in their work demands and personal commitments. ICT has huge potential to moderate access barrier to persons living with disabilities and rural dwellers. It is flexible to working class, lifelong learning enthusiasts and mobile learners. Ubiquity, reusability and portability of ICT based learning resources, contribute to affordability, hence contribute to widening access to higher education. Prioritising education using ICT’s, with deliberate and targeted efforts by leaders and decision makers, is key to investing more resources in ICT and developing policies that prioritises widening access to education through ICT’s.
On Software Modular Architecture: Concepts, Metrics and Trends
(International Journal of Computer and Organization Trends, 2022-02-26) Mbugua, Samuel Thaiya; Korongo, Julia; Mbugua, Samuel Mungai
The emergence of digital computers at the tail end of the last century allowed for the evolution of computer languages from low-level languages of the 1940s to the object-oriented, scripting high-level languages of today. This evolution has, in effect, seen the size and complexity of computer programs increase by a large factor. The software industry has, in response, developed different styles for designing and developing these sophisticated computer programs. While the different styles have advantages and disadvantages and different application domains, modular architecture has stood out as an overarching architecture for designing complicated and enormous software systems of today's world. In this paper, we examine how modularity applies to software architecture design, the concepts of modularity, the metrics of modularity, and current trends in software modularization. We advance the position that modularity will keep influencing software design for the foreseeable future due to the flexibility and the several advantages to the discipline of software design