Browsing by Author "Indede, Florence"

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A Study of Terrorism Discourse in TaifaLeo Newspaper of Kenya
(Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 2013-03-10) Owala, Silas Odhiambo; Indede, Florence; Mohochi, Ernest Sangai
Terrorism is a global concern and usually elicits a lot of sensationalism every time it occurs. The media often finds itself in the middle of debates over this issue. Apart from the role of informing the public, the media has a responsibility of avoiding the creation of animosity amongst the readers. The choice of language used by the media can create a negative attitude towards one another among the readers and the public in general. This research investigated discourse on national and international terrorism in Taifa Leo, a daily published in Kiswahili language in Kenya. The main objective was to analyze the language used in reporting terrorism news in the newspaper. The intention was to find out how the language used in those specific news items created bias in presentation of terrorism news. The parts of the newspaper that had reports on terrorism were isolated and analyzed over a period of one year. The study revealed that there was bias in the way this newspaper reported terrorism news. The biases that were noted were mostly caused by discourse structures that were provided by either the reporters or the sources they quoted.
An Exposition of Some Adapted Lexemes in Dholuo
(Linguistics and Literature Studies, 2013-03-10) Okal, Benard Odoyo; Indede, Florence; Mohochi, Ernest Sangai
The paper gives an exposition of some adapted English lexemes into Dholuo. The work relied on a descriptive design. Total purposive sampling technique was incorporated in collecting secondary data to saturation level. All the adapted nominal lexemes from the English Dholuo Dictionary (EDD) were collected, qualitatively analyzed, edited and presented thematically by showing the adapted lexemes in various areas. The results indicate that adapted lexemes in this lexicographical work are manifested in the following areas: religion, people, subjects, places, measurements, clothing, vegetables, foodstuff, equipment, vehicles and months. We have gathered that as we adapt some lexemes from English into Dholuo, then phonemes such as /ʃ (sh), z/ automatically change to /s/, /v/ changes to /f/ and /q/ changes to /k/. We have concluded that English consonant phonemes such as / ʃ (sh), z, v, q/ are not manifested in Dholuo. Therefore, translators have to adapt them by using both the transference and naturalization translation procedures in order to achieve the desirable translated text.
An analysis of the competence in literary criticism among Kenyan secondary school students: a case study of Wareng' district, Uasin Gishu county
(Scholarlink Research Institute, 2012-10-01) Wambua, Pauline Ndave; Indede, Florence; Mohochi, Ernest Sangai
This paper is based on a study that examined the level of competence in literary criticism among students in Forms Two, Three and Four, based on the skills of reading, writing, speaking and listening in Wareng District of Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. The author argues that students’ exposure to literary knowledge and the competent use of figurative language can enhance performance in literature in Kiswahili and the general performance of the Kiswahili subject. The pragmatic theory, which recognizes that practical approach is the core foundation for building competence in whichever field, which then puts students at the centre of the acquisition of competence’s process, was used. The theory postulates that any system of education that is in place should be reviewed from time to time in order to be at par with the changes that are witnessed in everyday life. Questionnaires were used to collect data. Data from the questionnaires was analysed using a descriptive method and percentages. The findings showed that students had a lower ability in identifying and explaining the meaning and usage of terminologies that are commonly used during the criticism and analyzing of Kiswahili literature text books. This paper makes recommendations on the structures to mitigate the challenge of competency in literary criticism devices among Kenyan secondary school students. Bearing in mind that society thrives by communication, which is achieved by proper use of language, the study generates useful knowledge to teachers, students and scholars in the literary field on the need to come up with ways of improving competence in literary criticism.
Effects of Terrorism News on Readers of Newspapers: A Case Study of Taifa leo Newspaper of Kenya
(Academic Research International, 2013-07-10) Owala, Silas Odhiambo; Mohochi, Ernest Sangai; Indede, Florence
The media plays an important role in giving the masses information about terrorism. Many developing countries have not in the past had many acts of terrorism that originated directly from those countries and for a long time have had the media in those countries reporting news on terrorist acts in other countries. However in the recent past there has been an increase of terrorist activities in some countries in the developing world. Some of these countries are Nigeria and Kenya. In Kenya the war with Somalia’s militia group Al Shabaab has increased the frequency of terrorist activities. The media in Kenya therefore has been on the spotlight recently concerning its role in providing news related to these incidents. This paper looks at the manner in which TaifaLeo a Kiswahili language daily newspaper presents news on terrorism from both inside and outside Kenya. The main objective was to seek the opinion of readers about the news on terrorism in the daily and find out how the presentation of those news items affected the readers. The study was carried out in four towns in Kenya where circulation of the paper is highest- Nairobi, Mombasa, Nakuru and Mumias. The study revealed that the news had mostly social and psychological effects on the readers that led to readers developing attitudes mostly negative towards their neighbours.
Kufaa Kwa Nadharia Ya Uchanganuzi Vijenzi Katika Uchambuzi Wa Hiponimia
(Kiswahili, 2014-03-09) Okal, Benard Odoyo; Indede, Florence; Mohochi, Ernest Sangai
Hiponimia ni mojawapo ya mahusiano ya kifahiwa inayoashiria uhusiano ambapo leksimu ya jumla inajumuisha kimaana leksimu mahususi. Uhusiano wa leksimu kihiponimia ulidhukuriwa kuwa unafanana katika lugha anuwai ulimwenguni na aghalabu Hunahusisha leksimu nomino pekee. Hata hivyo, tafiti za hivi punde zinadhihirisha kuwa hiponimia huonekana pia miongoni mwa vivumishi, vielezi na vitenzi na huweza kutofautiana kimuundo na kimtindo kutoka lugha moja hadi nyingine kwa sababu ya tofauti za kitamaduni. Wataalamu anuwai wamekuwa na mapendekezo kadha kuhusu nadharia ifaayo ya kuainisha leksimu za lugha kihiponimia. Wengine wanaelekea kupendelea matumizi ya nadharia ya Kiini Maana (Core Meanings Theory) na Nadharia ya Sampuli Kifani (Prototype Theory). Hata hivyo inadhihirika kuwa nadharia ya Uchanganuzi Vijenzi (Componential Analysis) inafaa zaidi katika uchanganuzi wa hiponimia ya leksimu nomino, vitenzi, vivumishi na vielezi. Makala haya yanaangazia kufaa kwa nadharia hii katika uhakiki wa hiponimia ikilinganishwa na nadharia Kiini Maana na Sampuli Kifani
The Usage of Kiswahili in Blog Discourse and the Effect on Its Development
(International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2013-07-10) Jagero, Juliet Akinyi; Mohochi, Ernest Sangai; Indede, Florence
Online communication is rapidly changing how language is being used. With the increasing number of social networks people are engaging in various discourses using various languages. Kiswahili is one of the languages being used in blog discourse. This paper discusses the usage of Kiswahili in blog discourse and the effect on its development. This study uses Critical Discourse Analysis to analyze language used in the discourse so as to reveal the strategies used to frame the content of message. Data was collected by visiting four blogs and then texts written in Kiswahili were selected from the blogs. Data was then subjected to textual analysis. The analysis showed that bloggers used non-standard abbreviations, non-standard words, code mixed and switched, did not adhere to grammatical and spelling rules in the discourse. This had positive and negative effect on the development of Kiswahili.
Uchanganuzi wa Hiponimia za Vitenzi vya Kiswahili
(Swahili Forum, 2016-03-09) Okal, Benard Odoyo; Indede, Florence; Mohochi, Ernest Sangai
Hiponimia ni uhusiano wa kifahiwa unaodhihirika baina ya leksimu ya jumla (hipanimu) na mahususi (hiponimu). Kama vile hipanimu mzazi hujumuisha hiponimu baba na mama. Uhusiano huu wa kihiponimia ulidhukuriwa na wanaisimu wa awali kuwa unahusisha leksimu nomino pekee. Hata hivyo, tafiti za hivi punde zinadhihirisha kuwa hiponimia huweza kudhihirika pia miongoni mwa kategoria za vivumishi, vielezi na vitenzi. Ingawa kuna midhihiriko ya hiponimia za vitenzi vya Kiswahili, wataalamu kadha wameelekea kushughulikia hiponimia za nomino na kutotilia maanani vitenzi. Hivyo basi, makala hii imechanganua uhusiano wa kihiponimia unaodhihirika miongoni mwa vitenzi teule vya Kiswahili. Katika kushughulikia suala hili, hipanimu vitenzi 24 kutoka kamusi za Kiswahili zimeteuliwa kimakusudi na hiponimu husika kutolewa. Nadharia ya Uchanganuzi Vijenzi kwa mujibu wa Katz na Fodor imezingatiwa katika uchanganuzi wa hiponimia hizi. Katika nadharia hii, sifa bainifu za hiponimu husika huonyeshwa kwa kutumia alama maalum za [+, -]. Data kuhusu hiponimia za vitenzi ilipekuliwa kutoka kamusi za Kiswahili kwa kuzingatia mwelekeo wa kiishara au kisintaksia kwa mujibu wa Hearst, na Snow na wenzake ili kuweza kutambua hipanimu na hiponimu husika katika sentensi. Hiponimia hizi zimechanganuliwa na kuwasilishwa kwa mtindo wa nadharia ya seti. Hyponymy is a sense relation existing between general lexemes (hypernym) and the specific ones (hyponym). For instance, a hypernym parent includes hyponyms like father and mother. The hyponymy relation was regarded by earlier linguists that it could exist only amongst nouns. However, recent studies indicate that hyponymy can also be manifested in other categories such as adjectives, adverbs and verbs. Though there is hyponymy relation existing amongst Kiswahili verbs, various scholars have tended to focus on nominal hyponymy and disregard verbal hyponymy. Therefore, this article has analyzed the hyponymy relation existing amongst selected Kiswahili verbs. In this regard, 24 verbal hypernyms from Kiswahili dictionaries were purposively sampled and their specific hyponyms indicated. Componential Analysis theory by Katz and Fodor has been used in the analysis of these hyponyms. The theory focuses on distinctive features of specific hyponyms that are normally shown by the use of specific signs [+, -]. The data on verbal hyponymy was observed from the Kiswahili dictionaries by the application of symbolic or syntactic approach propounded by Hearst, and Snow et al in order to identify the hypernyms and specific hyponyms in a sentence. These hyponymy relations are analyzed and presented using the set theory style