Browsing by Author "Fwamba, Rashid"

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Corporate governance and economic growth in developing countries
(KIBU, 2018-06-12) Musuya, David N.; DKamau, C.G.; Kirwa, Tecla; Fwamba, Rashid
The paper extensively tests, by documentary review, using empirical research works from various authors on the effects of corporate governance and economic growth in developing countries. Corporate governance is defined as a process of involving "a set of relationships between a company's management, its board, its shareholders, and other stakeholders" (OECD, 2004). According to Khan (2007) economists agree that governance is one of the critical factors explaining the divergence in performance across developing countries .The problem addressed by the paper is that the existence of corporate governance codes in developing countries has not yielded into economic development growth, as compared with institutions in the United States of America and Europe. The research’s corporate governance codes were Board Size (BS), Non-Executive Directors (NED), and Full disclosure in Financial Reporting (FGFR) and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) as variables of investigation. The paper sought answers to the following questions; (i) reasons for the weak Corporate Governance practice amongst intuitions in developing countries. (ii)Effect of governance on capital flows to the economy (iii) Effect of Good Corporate Governance Practice on the GDP. Sampled research works in the paper included those of; Fan, Wong & Zhang (2006), Khan (2007), Fayisa&Nsiah (2013), Deither (1999), Briguglio (2016), World Bank reports , Pere (2015) , Gradstein (2001) , and others. There was a convergence trend in the conclusion of the sampled papers on good corporate governance and GDP . Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI) correlated positively with the GDP of selected countries. For developing countries it was established that the Governance practice lacked an enforcement framework translating in low GDPs. Capital flows were triggered by an existence o sound framework of corporate governance that acted as an incentive for lenders to extend credit. Keywords: Governance, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Economy, Capital flows,
Effects of Gender of the Celebrity on Consumer Purchase Intention of Public University Students.
(Journal of International Business, Innovation and Strategic Management, 2022-06-07) Ochieng, Trizer Awino; Sirai, Sylvia Chebet; Fwamba, Rashid
Celebrities are popular persons due to their physical attractiveness and trustworthiness to the people. Marketers use them for brand advocacy to their targeted consumers by enhancing awareness and credibility. Several previous researches have demonstrated that this as a promotion platform causes positive influence on purchase decision and intentions of many customers more so for new market entry brands. As such, the present study examined the effect of Gender of celebrity on consumer purchase intention of public university students in Western Kenya and employed Proctor &Gamble’s Ariel detergent as the study object. The study was anchored on the source attractiveness model, and the dual entertainment model. All the 57,715 students of the public universities in Western Kenya, were targeted, this includes: Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, Kibabii University, and Maseno University. The study used disproportionate stratified simple random sampling to sample 397 students of the three picked public Universities in Western Kenya, purposive sampling was utilized to sample three Ariel merchandisers promoting Ariel detergent in the three major towns in Western Kenya where the universities are located (Kakamega county, Bungoma county and Kisumu County). Data was then gathered through structured questionnaires and interview schedules. Reliability was tested using Cronbach (Alpha – α) which found out that the tool was valid and reliable. Both descriptive (means, standard deviations and frequency distribution) and inferential analysis (Pearson correlation and linear regression models) were utilized. The investigation uncovered that gender of the Celebrity had a statistically significant influence on consumer purchase intentions of public university Students in Western Kenya; b= 0.415, p-value = 0.000 < 0.05. The study concluded that gender had significantly strong positive causal influence on the customer purchase intentions.
Impact of microfinance institutions on economic empowerment of women entrepreneurs in developing countries
(Inovatus Services Ltd., 2015-09) Fwamba, Rashid; Matete, John; Nasimiyu, Consolatta; Sungwacha, Stephen
This study mirrored out the effects of Microfinance on economic empowerment of Women Entrepreneurs in developing economies. Descriptive research design was used to assess the extent to which Women economic empowerment co-relates with Microfinance Institutions services. The target population was women entrepreneurs in Micro Finance Institutions (MFIs) within Kakamega C.B.D. Simple random probability sampling was applied to select ten (10) MFIs where four (4) active women entrepreneurs from each MFI was taken, adding to forty (40) respondents. Both primary and secondary data was collected through questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. Data collected was presented by descriptive statistics like pie charts and graphs. From the analysis, the results showed that microfinance services act as a key fulcrum to women entrepreneurs' economic empowerment. The results were reaffirmed by a linear regression analysis (SPSS version 22). The findings will be used to make policy proposals that will see MFIs meet the economic empowerment needs of women Entrepreneurs to make developing countries progress as Kenya prepares to achieve vision 2030.
Influence of financial management practice on financial performance of sugar manufacturing companies in Kenya
(2017) Fwamba, Rashid
The objective of this study was to establish the influence of financial management practice on financial performance of manufacturing companies using evidence from Kenya’s sugar industry. The following specific objectives were addressed by this study: to determine the investing practices on the financial performance of sugar manufacturing companies, to assess the influence of capital structure practices on financial performance of sugar manufacturing firms in Kenya, to evaluate the influence of liquidity practices on financial performance of sugar manufacturing companies in Kenya and to determine the influence of Board structure as a moderating factor on the financial performance of sugar manufacturing companies in Kenya. This study was guided by Liquidity Preference model, Modigliani and Miller Capital structure Model and agency theory. Most researches have concentrated mainly on single financial management decision on the financial performance of organizations. On this premise there existed a knowledge gap on the collective strategic financial management practices practiced by sugar industry and financial performance of sugar manufacturing industry, hence the need for this study. This research adopted a descriptive research design in which a census of all the targeted population of 12 manufacturing companies jointly from sugar manufacturing industry were drawn from a list of 800 manufacturing companies in Kenya, whereby a proportionate random sample of 109 employees were interviewed from all the 12 sugar manufacturing companies in Kenya. Questionnaires were administered as the main tool of data collection whereby 102 questionnaires were collected representing a 93.6% response rate. Descriptive statistical methods were applied to describe application of strategic financial management practices in the sampled manufacturing companies which were sugar manufacturing companies. Inferential statistical techniques such as Correlation analysis and regression analysis were applied to test the hypotheses of association and differences. Collected data was processed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) which was the main computer software that was utilized in data analysis. The strategic capital practices’ null hypotheses were rejected implying a significant effect on financial performance. Strategic liquidity practices were significant hence the null hypothesis was rejected. Strategic investing xxvi practices had coefficients of estimate which were significant implying that the null hypothesis was rejected. Board structure was found significant implying board structure as a moderating value has a significant influence on financial performance. It is therefore recommended that it is important for firms to retain their profits so that they can reinvest and gain higher returns on investments and shareholder equity furthermore Organizations need to utilize computers in cash management since they are efficient and effective. This study suggests the need for further research on other economic factors besides financial management practices that influence the financial performance of sugar manufacturing companies and other companies.
Influence of Inter-Group Conflict on Implementation of County Government Projects in Busia County, Kenya
(Journal of International Business, Innovation and Strategic Management, 2021-06-08) Sirai, Sylvia Chebet; Fwamba, Rashid
Management of organizational conflicts has become essential in the implementation of projects in both National and County Governments in Kenya. It is therefore important for continuous research studies in this area given its’ importance to national development. The purpose of the study was to establish the influence of inter-group conflict on implementation of County Government projects in Busia County. The study adopted Descriptive design with a target population of 127 employees of Busia County. The sample size of 127 was selected using census technique. Questionnaires were the main data collection instrument. The raw data was analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentages while inferential statistics such as regression and correlation analyses were used to determine the relationship between the study variables. The findings were presented in tabular form. The findings of the study showed that inter-group conflicts had positive, linear and significant (p-value of less than 0.05) influence on the project implementation of County Government of Busia. The conclusions of the study indicated that inter-group conflicts explained 12.1% of variance in the project implementation of County Government of Busia. That is explained by inter-group conflict that accounted for 13.4% variations in the project implementation of County Government of Busia. The study recommends to the management of the County Government of Busia to invest more and train its staff on influence of inter-group conflicts and how these affect implementations of the projects. Organizations should come up with strategies on handling inter-group conflicts since it has adverse influence on the implementation of projects in the County Governments in Kenya